Hughes K K
Department of Administrative Studies in Nursing, College of Nursing, University of Illinois, Chicago 60612.
Cancer Nurs. 1993 Jun;16(3):222-9.
This exploratory study examined breast cancer patients' psychosocial and functional status at the time of diagnosis and during the initial phase of treatment. The purpose was to better understand the impact of diagnosis and treatment on patients' physical state and psychosocial well-being. A convenience sample was drawn from a population of newly diagnosed stage 1 and 2 breast cancer patients undergoing either modified radical mastectomy or lumpectomy with radiation. Subjects completed instruments designed to measure uncertainty, quality of life, functional status, and reaction to diagnosis on two separate occasions: at the time of diagnosis, but before treatment selection and then approximately 8 weeks after surgery. Data obtained from 52 subjects indicated that patients' perceptual uncertainty and various aspects of their functional status declined over the initial course of treatment, but that quality of life was unaffected. The results also showed no relationship between type of breast cancer treatment and patients' uncertainty, quality of life, and functional status. Mastectomy and lumpectomy patients also responded in similar ways to the cancer diagnosis. Both groups experienced the same amount of distress and used conformational coping strategies to similar degrees. Clinical implications are discussed and recommendations are made for future research.
这项探索性研究考察了乳腺癌患者在诊断时以及治疗初期的心理社会和功能状况。目的是更好地了解诊断和治疗对患者身体状况和心理社会幸福感的影响。便利样本取自一群新诊断为1期和2期乳腺癌且正在接受改良根治性乳房切除术或保乳手术加放疗的患者。受试者在两个不同时间点完成了旨在测量不确定性、生活质量、功能状况以及对诊断的反应的量表：在诊断时，但在治疗选择之前，以及术后约8周。从52名受试者获得的数据表明，患者的感知不确定性及其功能状况的各个方面在治疗初期有所下降，但生活质量未受影响。结果还显示，乳腺癌治疗类型与患者的不确定性、生活质量和功能状况之间没有关系。乳房切除术和保乳手术患者对癌症诊断的反应也相似。两组经历的痛苦程度相同，并且在相似程度上使用适应性应对策略。文中讨论了临床意义，并对未来研究提出了建议。
