Machida K
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Jikei University, School of Medicine, Tokyo.
Rinsho Byori. 1993 May;41(5):548-52.
The microbiological laboratory in the hospital has many roles including the rapid and precise identification of pathogenic bacteria in specimens, their antimicrobial susceptibility tests, microbial antigen detection using immunological methods and DNA hybridization methods, surveillance of bacterial milieu of the hospital environment, monitoring quality control of microbiological methods, to educate microbiological skills of staffs, the economical management of laboratory and so on. The last two issues are our major concerns. Improvement of the microbiological skills of the staff is most important in the laboratory, but is a time-consuming. From our experience, a technical expert, intermediately skilled technicians and beginners should always work in the laboratory, together. On the other hand, the economical management of the microbiological laboratory is also another concern. Although the mechanization of procedures comes to mind, it is hard to improve the economical conditions in the laboratory. Because of the control of the machines is not completely automatic and requires the knowledges and decisions of technical experts, the work force and running cost can not be reduced. As the technical expert can economize in the use of media or tests for identification of pathogens, good training of beginners into skillful successors, is important.
医院的微生物实验室有许多职责，包括对标本中的病原菌进行快速准确的鉴定、进行抗菌药敏试验、使用免疫方法和DNA杂交方法进行微生物抗原检测、监测医院环境的细菌环境、监控微生物方法的质量控制、培养工作人员的微生物学技能、实验室的经济管理等等。最后两个问题是我们主要关注的。提高工作人员的微生物学技能在实验室中最为重要，但这很耗时。根据我们的经验，一名技术专家、中级技能的技术人员和初学者应该始终在实验室中共同工作。另一方面，微生物实验室的经济管理也是另一个关注点。虽然会想到程序的机械化，但很难改善实验室的经济状况。因为机器的控制并非完全自动化，需要技术专家的知识和决策，所以劳动力和运营成本无法降低。由于技术专家可以在使用培养基或病原体鉴定试验方面节省开支，因此将初学者培养成熟练的接班人非常重要。
