Tyan M L
West Los Angeles Veterans Affairs Medical Center, California 90073.
Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1993 Sep;203(4):485-9. doi: 10.3181/00379727-203-43627.
Previous work on the effects of dietary vitamin A on craniofacial anomalies in mice revealed that 18-day-old fetuses from dams given 200 IU of vitamin A in corn oil daily in their diet weighed approximately 10% more than fetuses from mothers fed the unsupplemented standard mouse diet, Purina 5001. In the experiments reported here, it has been found that water-soluble vitamin A (200 IU/day) and myo-inositol (5 mg/day) added separately to the diets of pregnant mice increased the weight of 11-day gestations by approximately 25% and enhanced development of the eyes by the equivalent of 0.5-1.0 day without significantly affecting development of the liver or hind limbs. Corn oil alone (0.2 ml/day) had a similar effect on weight and eye development of 11-day fetuses and, in addition, growth of the hind limbs was enhanced modestly. The addition to the diet of vitamin A (200 IU/day) dissolved in corn oil (0.2 ml/day) resulted in a 25% increase in the weight of the 11-day fetuses and enhanced development of the eyes and hind limbs by the equivalent of about 1 day of gestation, suggesting that corn oil contains a factor(s) that interacts with vitamin A to accelerate limb development. Corn oil contains very small quantities of beta-carotene or retinol (< 1.0 IU vitamin A/ml); however, it is a rich source of the essential growth factors linoleic and linolenic acids and of inositol esters. The data suggest that the growth-promoting actions of dietary corn oil are due in part to the inositol esters.
先前关于膳食维生素A对小鼠颅面异常影响的研究表明，在饮食中每日给予200国际单位玉米油维生素A的母鼠所产18日龄胎儿，比喂食未添加维生素A的标准小鼠饮食（普瑞纳5001）的母鼠所产胎儿重约10%。在此报告的实验中，发现分别向怀孕小鼠饮食中添加水溶性维生素A（200国际单位/天）和肌醇（5毫克/天），可使妊娠11天的胎儿体重增加约25%，并使眼睛发育提前相当于0.5 - 1.0天，而对肝脏或后肢发育无显著影响。单独给予玉米油（0.2毫升/天）对妊娠11天胎儿的体重和眼睛发育有类似影响，此外，后肢生长也略有增强。在饮食中添加溶于玉米油（0.2毫升/天）的维生素A（200国际单位/天），可使妊娠11天的胎儿体重增加25%，并使眼睛和后肢发育提前相当于约1天的妊娠期，这表明玉米油含有与维生素A相互作用以加速肢体发育的因子。玉米油含有极少量的β - 胡萝卜素或视黄醇（<1.0国际单位维生素A/毫升）；然而，它是必需生长因子亚油酸和亚麻酸以及肌醇酯的丰富来源。数据表明，膳食玉米油的促生长作用部分归因于肌醇酯。
