Christoffel K K
Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, IL.
Acta Paediatr Jpn. 1993 Jun;35(3):166-70. doi: 10.1111/j.1442-200x.1993.tb03033.x.
Injuries have emerged as the leading cause of child and adolescent morbidity and mortality in developed countries. Efforts to control injuries require injury surveillance and research, creating the need for standard variable definitions and categorizations. Advantages of such standardization include increased comparability of data sets, avoidance of spurious conclusions based on idiosyncratic definitions and categories and the potential to combine data sets (e.g. on injuries and population counts) to yield new information. Pertinent standards will differ depending on the purposes for which the data are collected. More limited (core) data are appropriate to surveillance and more extensive data to research. Existing standards that are likely to be most useful to pediatric injury investigators are the International Classification of Diseases External Cause (E) codes (which provide mechanism-of-injury diagnoses and are the international gold standard for injury data reporting) and the Standard Definitions for Childhood Injury Research recently released by the United States National Institute for Child Health and Human Development, which include both core and complete variable listings. Some key core definitions from the latter report are presented.
在发达国家，伤害已成为儿童和青少年发病和死亡的主要原因。控制伤害的努力需要进行伤害监测和研究，这就产生了对标准变量定义和分类的需求。这种标准化的优点包括提高数据集的可比性、避免基于特殊定义和类别得出虚假结论，以及有潜力合并数据集（如关于伤害和人口计数的数据集）以产生新信息。相关标准将因收集数据的目的而异。更有限的（核心）数据适用于监测，更广泛的数据适用于研究。对儿科伤害调查人员可能最有用的现有标准是《国际疾病分类外部原因（E）编码》（它提供伤害机制诊断，是伤害数据报告的国际黄金标准）以及美国国家儿童健康与人类发展研究所最近发布的《儿童伤害研究标准定义》，其中包括核心变量和完整变量列表。本文介绍了后一份报告中的一些关键核心定义。
