Wu-Williams A H, Xu Z Y, Blot W J, Dai X D, Louie R, Xiao H P, Stone B J, Sun X W, Yu S F, Feng Y P
University of Southern California, Department of Preventive Medicine, Los Angeles 90033.
Am J Ind Med. 1993 Jul;24(1):67-79. doi: 10.1002/ajim.4700240107.
Lifetime occupational histories were obtained in a case-control study of 965 female lung cancer patients and 959 controls selected from the general population in Shenyang and Harbin, People's Republic of China, where most women have worked outside the home. After adjusting for smoking, we found a significantly increased risk of lung cancer associated with employment involving the manufacture of transportation equipment (OR = 1.6, 95% CI = 1.0, 2.6), in particular the manufacturing of automobiles (OR = 3.0, 95% CI = 1.4, 6.4). Metal smelting and treatment workers were at an increased risk of lung cancer (OR = 1.5, 95% CI = 1.0, 2.1); the highest risks were observed among metal surfacers (OR = 3.1, 95% CI = 1.1, 9.0) and currently employed foundry workers (OR = 13.0, 95% CI = 1.7, 99.4). On the other hand, about a 50% decreased risk of lung cancer was observed among those employed in textile industries or as leaders of state and party organizations. Based on self-reports, exposures to coal dust and smoke from burning fuel at the workplace were also significant risk factors. The findings were similar when the analyses were confined to nonsmokers and were comparable across the major cell types of lung cancer.
在中国沈阳和哈尔滨的一项病例对照研究中，我们获取了965名女性肺癌患者和959名从普通人群中选取的对照的终生职业史，当地大多数女性都外出工作。在对吸烟因素进行调整后，我们发现从事运输设备制造工作（比值比=1.6，95%可信区间=1.0，2.6），尤其是汽车制造工作（比值比=3.0，95%可信区间=1.4，6.4）的女性患肺癌的风险显著增加。金属冶炼和处理工人患肺癌的风险也有所增加（比值比=1.5，95%可信区间=1.0，2.1）；其中金属表面处理工人（比值比=3.1，95%可信区间=1.1，9.0）和目前在职的铸造工人（比值比=13.0，95%可信区间=1.7，99.4）的风险最高。另一方面，从事纺织行业或担任国家和党组织领导职务的女性患肺癌的风险降低了约50%。根据自我报告，工作场所接触煤尘和燃烧燃料产生的烟雾也是重要的风险因素。当分析仅限于不吸烟者时，研究结果相似，并且在肺癌的主要细胞类型中具有可比性。
