Parsons P A
Waite Institute, University of Adelaide, Australia.
Behav Genet. 1993 May;23(3):231-8. doi: 10.1007/BF01082460.
Natural populations are normally exposed to substantial environmental stress. The consequences of stress include elevated metabolic costs and additive genetic variability. From the former, preferred habitats should be located in environments corresponding to minimum total energy expenditure. This tendency occurs in the field for behavioral adaptation of Drosophila to variable temperature (and humidity) conditions. Laboratory studies of resource preference in Drosophila suggest a low genetic variability. However, under more stressful field conditions, genetic variability should be higher. Habitat preference studies under stressful conditions therefore need to be emphasized in modeling situations in nature.
自然种群通常会面临巨大的环境压力。压力的后果包括代谢成本升高和加性遗传变异性。基于前者，适宜的栖息地应位于总能量消耗最低的环境中。这种趋势在果蝇对可变温度（和湿度）条件的行为适应中在野外出现。果蝇资源偏好的实验室研究表明遗传变异性较低。然而，在压力更大的野外条件下，遗传变异性应该更高。因此，在自然建模中需要强调压力条件下的栖息地偏好研究。
