Kobayashi M, Suzuki K, Nagasawa S, Mimaki Y
Chuo Livestock Hygiene Service Center, Yamagata, Japan.
J Vet Med Sci. 1993 Jun;55(3):401-7. doi: 10.1292/jvms.55.401.
Toxic substances in Narthecium asiaticum Maxim. were isolated and purified, monitoring the oral toxicity in guinea pigs. The crude extract prepared from the methanolic extract of the plant contained 2 major saponins (C8 and C9), and 7 corresponding saponins (C1-7) on TLC. The crude extract was fractionated by a conventional method for saponin preparation. The 1-butanol fraction was rich in C8 and C9, and showed oral toxicity. C8 and C9 were isolated by fractional precipitation and silica gel column chromatography. On the basis of C-13 and H-1 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectral data, and acid and enzymatic hydrolysis of C9, C9 was confirmed to be a mixture of two furostanol saponins (C9a, C9b); a branched trisaccharide composed of galactose, glucose, and arabinose, was linked at 3 beta-C, and glucose at 26-C of sarsasapogenin and smilagenin. C8 was considered to be a furostanol saponin containing xylose instead of arabinose in the structure of C9. Oral administration of C8 and C9 caused diarrhea, proteinuria, hematuria and death in guinea pigs.
对亚洲藜芦中的有毒物质进行了分离和纯化，并监测了其对豚鼠的口服毒性。从该植物甲醇提取物制备的粗提物在薄层色谱上含有2种主要皂苷（C8和C9）以及7种相应的皂苷（C1 - 7）。采用传统的皂苷制备方法对粗提物进行分离。正丁醇馏分富含C8和C9，并显示出口服毒性。通过分级沉淀和硅胶柱色谱法分离出C8和C9。根据碳-13和氢-1核磁共振（NMR）光谱数据以及C9的酸水解和酶水解结果，证实C9是两种呋甾烷醇皂苷（C9a、C9b）的混合物；一种由半乳糖、葡萄糖和阿拉伯糖组成的支链三糖连接在菝葜皂苷元和薯蓣皂苷元的3β-C位，葡萄糖连接在26-C位。C8被认为是一种在结构上C9中用木糖取代阿拉伯糖的呋甾烷醇皂苷。给豚鼠口服C8和C9会导致腹泻、蛋白尿、血尿和死亡。
