Memory impairment and executive control in individuals with stroke-induced aphasia.

The purpose of this study was to examine memory abilities of aphasic individuals in relation to site of neurological lesion. Fourteen individuals with stroke-induced aphasia (7 with anterior lesions; 7 with posterior lesions) and 14 demographically matched control subjects were given selected tests of short-term memory (STM) and long-term memory (LTM). Stroke patients were impaired relative to control subjects on tests of verbal memory, with greater impairment of LTM associated with anterior lesions and greater impairment of STM associated with posterior lesions. Verbal memory performance did not correlate highly with language ability, and did not appear to be simply a consequence of language impairment. Executive control deficits were postulated as explanatory of the LTM impairment associated with anterior lesions.