Sussman S, Dent C W, Stacy A W, Sun P, Craig S, Simon T R, Burton D, Flay B R
Institute for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Research, University of Southern California-Alhambra 91803-1358.
Am J Public Health. 1993 Sep;83(9):1245-50. doi: 10.2105/ajph.83.9.1245.
We present 1-year follow-up data from a school-based tobacco use prevention project designed to test the effectiveness of three main components of social influence programs. The components teach refusal skills, awareness of social misperceptions about tobacco use, and misconceptions about physical consequences.
Four different curricula were developed and tested in a randomized experiment involving 48 junior high schools. The outcome variables examined were changes in initial and weekly cigarette and smokeless tobacco use 1 year after the intervention.
Analyses indicated that each of the component programs were effective in decreasing both the initial and the weekly use of cigarettes except for the curriculum in which refusal skills were taught. Also, each curriculum was effective in decreasing the initial use of smokeless tobacco except for the one aimed at correcting social misperceptions. Only the combined curriculum showed an effect on the weekly use of smokeless tobacco.
The combined intervention was the most effective overall in reducing the initial and weekly use of cigarettes and smokeless tobacco. This suggests that different reasons for use exist and need to be counteracted simultaneously. However, since single programs were also effective in reducing all but weekly smokeless tobacco use, any of these components may be worthwhile prevention tools.
我们展示了一项基于学校的烟草使用预防项目的1年随访数据，该项目旨在测试社会影响项目三个主要组成部分的有效性。这些组成部分教授拒绝技巧、对烟草使用的社会误解的认识以及对身体后果的误解。
开发了四种不同的课程，并在涉及48所初中的随机试验中进行测试。所检查的结果变量是干预1年后初始和每周香烟及无烟烟草使用情况的变化。
分析表明，除了教授拒绝技巧的课程外，每个组成部分项目在减少初始和每周香烟使用方面均有效。此外，除了旨在纠正社会误解的课程外，每个课程在减少无烟烟草的初始使用方面均有效。只有综合课程对每周无烟烟草使用有影响。
综合干预在减少初始和每周香烟及无烟烟草使用方面总体上最有效。这表明存在不同的使用原因，需要同时加以应对。然而，由于单个项目在减少除每周无烟烟草使用外的所有方面也有效，这些组成部分中的任何一个都可能是有价值的预防工具。
