Dillman C J, Fleisig G S, Andrews J R
Steadman Sports Medicine Foundation, Vail, CO 81657.
J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 1993 Aug;18(2):402-8. doi: 10.2519/jospt.1993.18.2.402.
The American Sports Medicine Institute conducts research to increase understanding of mechanisms involved in upper extremity injuries to throwing athletes. This paper presents a qualitative overview of pitching and a detailed quantitative description of arm motion about the shoulder during this highly dynamic activity. Data on kinematics of arm motions about the shoulder are presented for 29 elite throwers. The major motion about the shoulder is external/internal rotation. Scapulothoracic and glenohumeral flexibility permit the arm to reach an externally rotated position of 175 degrees. Approximately 30 msec before release, the arm internally rotates 80 degrees, reaching peak angular velocities near 7,000 degrees/sec. In rehabilitation of injured throwers, there is a need to appreciate the highly dynamic nature of this skill and to attempt to simulate these dynamic motions and loads as part of the final phase of treatment before the athlete returns to competition.
美国运动医学研究所开展研究，以增进对投掷运动员上肢损伤相关机制的理解。本文提供了投球的定性概述以及对这一高度动态活动中肩部周围手臂运动的详细定量描述。给出了29名精英投掷运动员肩部周围手臂运动的运动学数据。肩部的主要运动是外旋/内旋。肩胛胸壁和盂肱关节的灵活性使手臂能够达到175度的外旋位置。在球出手前约30毫秒，手臂内旋80度，接近7000度/秒的峰值角速度。在受伤投掷运动员的康复过程中，需要认识到这项技能的高度动态性质，并在运动员恢复比赛前的治疗最后阶段尝试模拟这些动态运动和负荷。
