甲状腺功能减退可增强松果体和哈德氏腺中Ⅱ型甲状腺素5'-脱碘酶的活性，但在甲状腺功能亢进期间，该酶活性与血清甲状腺素浓度无关。

Thyroxine type II 5'-deiodinase activity in pineal and Harderian gland is enhanced by hypothyroidism but is independent of serum thyroxine concentrations during hyperthyroidism.

Osuna C, Orta J M, Rubio A, Molinero P, Guerrero J M

University of Seville School of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Spain.

Int J Biochem. 1993 Jul;25(7):1041-6. doi: 10.1016/0020-711x(93)90119-y.

Abstract

This paper studies the effect of thyroid status on 5'-D activity in pineal gland, Harderian gland, brown adipose tissue (BAT), pituitary gland, brain frontal cortex (BFC), and cerebellum. 2. Hypothyroidism clearly increased diurnal 5'-D activity in Harderian gland, BAT, pituitary gland, BFC, and cerebellum. In pineal gland, diurnal values of 5'-D activity were not affected by hypothyroidism. 3. Hypothyroidism in adult rats clearly enhanced nocturnal increase of 5'-D activity in pineal and Harderian gland. Congenital hypothyroidism also enhanced the nocturnal increase of 5'-D activity in pineal gland. 4. Hyperthyroidism inhibited 5'-D activity in pituitary gland, BFC, and cerebellum. A small inhibition, although significant, was found in BAT. 5. In pineal and Harderian gland, hyperthyroidism did not inhibit either the basal diurnal values of the enzyme or the nocturnal increase of its activity. 6. Results suggest that, in tissues where 5'D-activity is regulated by adrenergic mechanisms, mostly pineal gland and Harderian gland, the enzyme activity is independent of serum T4 concentrations during hyperthyroidism.

摘要

本文研究甲状腺状态对松果体、哈德氏腺、棕色脂肪组织（BAT）、垂体、脑额叶皮质（BFC）和小脑5'-D活性的影响。2. 甲状腺功能减退明显增加了哈德氏腺、BAT、垂体、BFC和小脑中5'-D的昼夜活性。在松果体中，5'-D活性的昼夜值不受甲状腺功能减退的影响。3. 成年大鼠的甲状腺功能减退明显增强了松果体和哈德氏腺中5'-D活性的夜间增加。先天性甲状腺功能减退也增强了松果体中5'-D活性的夜间增加。4. 甲状腺功能亢进抑制了垂体、BFC和小脑中的5'-D活性。在BAT中发现了轻微的抑制作用，尽管具有统计学意义。5. 在松果体和哈德氏腺中，甲状腺功能亢进既没有抑制该酶的基础昼夜值，也没有抑制其活性的夜间增加。6. 结果表明，在5'-D活性受肾上腺素能机制调节的组织中，主要是松果体和哈德氏腺，在甲状腺功能亢进期间，酶活性与血清T4浓度无关。