Vinokur A D, van Ryn M
Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48106-1248.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 1993 Aug;65(2):350-9. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.65.2.350.
Structural equation analyses were used to examine the impact of social support vs. social undermining (conflict) on mental health in longitudinal data from 1,087 recently unemployed respondents. The results demonstrated that social support and social undermining were not the opposite poles of the same factor, each having some impact independent of the other. Social undermining had statistically significant and strong adverse impact at each concurrent level of mental health. It also predicted improvement (but not a high level) in mental health in subsequent time waves. In contrast, social support had a significant beneficial impact on mental health only at Time 1. Compared with the volatile and extreme effects of social undermining, those of social support appear weaker but more stable. These findings are consistent with literature on the impact of life events (S. E. Taylor, 1991) and on marital interactions and satisfaction (J. M. Gottman & L. J. Krokoff, 1989).
结构方程分析用于检验社会支持与社会破坏(冲突)对1087名近期失业受访者纵向数据中心理健康的影响。结果表明,社会支持和社会破坏并非同一因素的相反两极,二者各自具有一些独立于对方的影响。在心理健康的每个并发水平上,社会破坏都具有统计学上显著且强烈的不利影响。它还预测了在后续时间点心理健康的改善(但不是高水平)。相比之下,社会支持仅在时间1对心理健康有显著的有益影响。与社会破坏的波动和极端影响相比,社会支持的影响似乎较弱但更稳定。这些发现与关于生活事件影响的文献(S.E.泰勒,1991年)以及婚姻互动与满意度的文献(J.M.戈特曼和L.J.克罗科夫,1989年)一致。