Marangolo P, Di Pace E, Pizzamiglio L
Università di Roma, Italia.
Percept Mot Skills. 1993 Aug;77(1):259-69. doi: 10.2466/pms.1993.77.1.259.
Two experiments were run to test whether the automatic coding of colors generates priming effects. Subjects were tachistoscopically presented a series of prime-target sequences. The prime stimulus could be either a red, green, or black circular dot, followed by a red or green annular ring (target). The role of automatic and conscious mechanisms was investigated in Exp. 1 by manipulating the predictive validity of the prime stimuli (80%, 50%, 20%), keeping constant the value of stimulus-onset asynchrony (350 msec.). Analysis showed priming effects even in the low predictive condition, where no conscious expectations could be activated. In Exp. 2, three different values of stimulus-onset asynchrony were used, 150, 350, and 2100 msec. Priming effects were obtained in the short and medium stimulus-onset asynchrony condition but not in the long one. Over-all, the data of both experiments produce converging evidence which indicates that the automatic elaboration of colored stimuli may produce priming effects.
进行了两项实验来测试颜色的自动编码是否会产生启动效应。通过速示器向受试者呈现一系列启动刺激-目标刺激序列。启动刺激可以是红色、绿色或黑色圆点，随后是红色或绿色环形圈（目标）。在实验1中，通过操纵启动刺激的预测效度（80%、50%、20%），同时保持刺激呈现间隔（350毫秒）不变，研究了自动和有意识机制的作用。分析表明，即使在低预测条件下，即无法激活有意识预期时，也存在启动效应。在实验2中，使用了三种不同的刺激呈现间隔值，即150、350和2100毫秒。在短和中等刺激呈现间隔条件下获得了启动效应，但在长刺激呈现间隔条件下未获得。总体而言，两项实验的数据提供了一致的证据，表明对颜色刺激的自动加工可能会产生启动效应。
