Hansson L E, Nyrén O, Bergström R, Wolk A, Lindgren A, Baron J, Adami H O
Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden.
Int J Cancer. 1993 Sep 9;55(2):181-9. doi: 10.1002/ijc.2910550203.
A case-control study to evaluate risk factors of gastric cancer was carried out in areas with contrasting incidence rates in Sweden. Face-to-face interviews were conducted with 338 of 456 eligible histologically confirmed gastric-cancer cases and 669 of 880 eligible control subjects, sampled from population registers and frequency-matched by age and gender. We focused on 2 periods, adolescence and 20 years prior to interview. The association of gastric-cancer risk with dietary habits during adolescence were similar to that found for the period 20 years before interview; high consumption of wholemeal bread, fruit and vegetables was associated with reduced gastric-cancer risk. In addition, cheese, fish and tea had a protective effect during adolescence. Increased gastric-cancer risk was related to whole-milk consumption, but this association decreased substantially in a multivariate analysis including vegetables. There was a positive relationship between gastric-cancer risk and the age at which the interviewees started using refrigerators. This population-based study confirmed the protective effect of a high consumption of vegetables and fruit in the development of gastric cancer, but failed to find any association between intake of meat, sausage, cold cuts, liver, salt, coffee, the habit of frying, smoking or grilling foods, and risk of gastric cancer.
在瑞典发病率存在差异的地区开展了一项评估胃癌风险因素的病例对照研究。从人口登记册中抽取了456例符合条件且经组织学确诊的胃癌病例中的338例，以及880例符合条件的对照对象中的669例，进行面对面访谈，并按年龄和性别进行频数匹配。我们重点关注两个时期，即青春期以及访谈前20年。青春期饮食习惯与胃癌风险的关联与访谈前20年的情况相似；全麦面包、水果和蔬菜的高摄入量与降低胃癌风险相关。此外，奶酪、鱼和茶在青春期具有保护作用。胃癌风险增加与全脂牛奶的摄入有关，但在纳入蔬菜的多变量分析中，这种关联大幅减弱。胃癌风险与受访者开始使用冰箱的年龄之间存在正相关关系。这项基于人群的研究证实了蔬菜和水果的高摄入量对胃癌发生具有保护作用，但未发现肉类、香肠、冷切肉、肝脏、盐、咖啡的摄入量、油炸、吸烟或烧烤食物的习惯与胃癌风险之间存在任何关联。
