Konstantinova I V, Rykova M P, Lesnyak A T, Antropova E A
Institute for Biomedical Problems, Moscow, Russia.
J Leukoc Biol. 1993 Sep;54(3):189-201. doi: 10.1002/jlb.54.3.189.
Immune changes during space flights in excess of two weeks have been almost exclusively studied by Russian investigators. Most of these studies have compared postflight values with those obtained before flight. In a very few cases, analyses have also been attempted during flight or with samples collected during flight. Studies of cosmonauts during spaceflight have shown that IgG levels were unchanged, whereas IgA and IgM levels were sometimes increased. Additionally, inflight delayed type hypersensitivity testing demonstrated a decrease below the warning level in 1/3 of the cosmonauts tested. Pre- vs. postflight analyses have often revealed a postflight decrease in: PHA-triggered lymphocyte blast transformation; the proliferation index of T-lymphocytes in the xenogeneic graft versus host reaction; the mitogen-induced production of interleukin-2; the presence of certain leukocyte sub sets; and cytotoxic activity of natural killer cells. Other factors that either did not change, or changed in an apparently random manner after flight included: production of alpha and gamma interferon; autoimmune tests; and globulin classes.
超过两周的太空飞行期间的免疫变化几乎完全是由俄罗斯研究人员进行研究的。这些研究大多将飞行后的数值与飞行前获得的数值进行比较。在极少数情况下，也尝试在飞行期间或利用飞行期间采集的样本进行分析。对宇航员在太空飞行期间的研究表明，免疫球蛋白G（IgG）水平没有变化，而免疫球蛋白A（IgA）和免疫球蛋白M（IgM）水平有时会升高。此外，飞行期间的迟发型超敏反应测试显示，在接受测试的宇航员中有三分之一低于警戒水平。飞行前与飞行后的分析常常显示出飞行后以下各项有所下降：植物血凝素（PHA）触发的淋巴细胞母细胞转化；异种移植物抗宿主反应中T淋巴细胞的增殖指数；丝裂原诱导的白细胞介素-2的产生；某些白细胞亚群的存在；以及自然杀伤细胞的细胞毒性活性。其他在飞行后要么没有变化，要么变化方式明显随机的因素包括：α和γ干扰素的产生；自身免疫测试；以及球蛋白类别。
