Burrell R
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, West Virginia University Health Sciences Center, Morgantown 26506-9177.
Mol Aspects Med. 1993;14(1):1-81. doi: 10.1016/0098-2997(93)90019-a.
This review examines xenobiotic toxicity to the immune system, stressing in particular those aspects of most relevance to humans. Immunotoxicity is examined especially from three points of view: by what immunological component is affected, by classes of foreign agents that adversely affect the human immune system and by critical evaluation of human case reports and epidemics. Mechanisms by which xenobiotics interrupt cytokine networks are emphasized. The concept that microbial agents, both environmental as well as infectious, may act as immunotoxicants, either alone or in synergism with conventional agents is introduced. Instances of human immunotoxicology are critically evaluated in terms of clinical relevance, i.e. whether increased susceptibility to opportunistic infections or tumor emergence takes place in the affected individuals.
本综述探讨了外源化学物对免疫系统的毒性，尤其着重于与人类最为相关的那些方面。免疫毒性特别从三个角度进行考察：受影响的免疫成分、对外源化学物对人类免疫系统产生不利影响的类别以及对人类病例报告和流行病的批判性评估。强调了外源化学物干扰细胞因子网络的机制。引入了这样的概念，即环境微生物和感染性微生物均可单独或与传统因子协同作用，作为免疫毒物发挥作用。根据临床相关性对人类免疫毒理学实例进行批判性评估，即受影响个体是否出现对机会性感染的易感性增加或肿瘤发生的情况。
