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2
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本文引用的文献

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Construction and characterization of a cDNA clone containing a portion of the bovine prolactin sequence.包含部分牛催乳素序列的cDNA克隆的构建与鉴定
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Cloning of DNA complementary to bovine prolactin mRNA.与牛催乳素信使核糖核酸互补的DNA的克隆
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Structure of cloned DNA complementary to rat prolactin messenger RNA.与大鼠催乳素信使核糖核酸互补的克隆DNA的结构
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Primary structure and evolution of rat growth hormone gene.大鼠生长激素基因的一级结构与进化
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Human prolactin. cDNA structural analysis and evolutionary comparisons.人催乳素。cDNA结构分析及进化比较。
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Isolation and characterization of the porcine growth hormone gene.
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Molecular cloning of a prolactin-related mRNA expressed in bovine placenta.在牛胎盘中表达的一种催乳素相关信使核糖核酸的分子克隆
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Simple methods for estimating the numbers of synonymous and nonsynonymous nucleotide substitutions.估计同义与非同义核苷酸替换数目的简单方法。
Mol Biol Evol. 1986 Sep;3(5):418-26. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a040410.
10
Nucleotide sequence of the growth hormone gene cDNA from goat Capra hircus L. (Tokara).来自山羊（卡普拉·希尔克斯，托卡拉品种）生长激素基因cDNA的核苷酸序列。
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生长激素-催乳素基因家族中的核苷酸替换模式：基因复制进化的一个范例。

Pattern of nucleotide substitutions in growth hormone-prolactin gene family: a paradigm for evolution by gene duplication.

作者信息

Ohta T

机构信息

National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Japan.

出版信息

Genetics. 1993 Aug;134(4):1271-6. doi: 10.1093/genetics/134.4.1271.

DOI:10.1093/genetics/134.4.1271
PMID:8375661
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC1205594/
Abstract

The growth hormone-prolactin gene family in mammals is an interesting example of evolution by gene duplication. Divergence among members of duplicated gene families and among species was examined by using reported gene sequences of growth hormone, prolactin and their receptors. Sequence divergence among species was found to show a general tendency in which a generation-time effect is pronounced for synonymous substitutions but not so for nonsynonymous substitutions. Divergence among duplicated genes is characterized by the relatively high rate of nonsynonymous substitutions, i.e., the rate is close to that of synonymous ones. In view of the stage- and tissue-specific expression of duplicated genes, some of the amino acid substitutions among duplicated genes is likely to be caused by positive Darwinian selection.

摘要

哺乳动物中的生长激素 - 催乳素基因家族是基因复制进化的一个有趣例子。通过使用已报道的生长激素、催乳素及其受体的基因序列，研究了复制基因家族成员之间以及物种之间的差异。发现物种间的序列差异呈现出一种普遍趋势，即同义替换的世代时间效应明显，而异义替换则不然。复制基因之间的差异表现为相对较高的非同义替换率，即该速率接近同义替换率。鉴于复制基因的阶段和组织特异性表达，复制基因之间的一些氨基酸替换可能是由正向达尔文选择引起的。