Ralphs M H, Cheney C D
USDA-ARS Poisonous Plant Research Laboratory, Logan, UT 84321.
J Anim Sci. 1993 Feb;71(2):373-9. doi: 10.2527/1993.712373x.
The influences of animal age and lithium chloride (LiCl) dose levels were evaluated in forming and retaining food aversions to licorice-flavored alfalfa pellets and beet pulp. Lithium chloride (100, 200, 300 mg/kg BW) was given to yearling and mature cattle by gavage (four animals per age-dose treatment group) after meals of the test food. Cattle dosed with the higher levels of LiCl formed aversions more rapidly in both trials than those dosed at lower levels. Both age classes extinguished aversions to licorice-flavored alfalfa pellets, but aversions to beet pulp persisted. Mature cattle retained aversions to beet pulp to a greater extent than did young cattle in social facilitation and single-choice persistence trials. Of dosages studied, the optimum for retaining aversions to beet pulp was 200 mg/kg BW for mature cows. Yearling cattle required 300 mg/kg for complete abstinence.
研究了动物年龄和氯化锂（LiCl）剂量水平对形成和保持对甘草味苜蓿颗粒和甜菜粕的食物厌恶的影响。给一岁和成年牛在喂食试验食物后通过灌胃给予氯化锂（100、200、300mg/kg体重）（每个年龄-剂量处理组四头牛）。在两项试验中，给予较高剂量LiCl的牛比给予较低剂量的牛更快地形成厌恶。两个年龄组都消除了对甘草味苜蓿颗粒的厌恶，但对甜菜粕的厌恶仍然存在。在社会促进和单选择持久性试验中，成年牛比年轻牛更能保持对甜菜粕的厌恶。在所研究的剂量中，成年母牛保持对甜菜粕厌恶的最佳剂量是200mg/kg体重。一岁牛完全戒食需要300mg/kg。
