Goran M I, Carpenter W H, Poehlman E T
Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington 05405.
Am J Physiol. 1993 May;264(5 Pt 1):E706-11. doi: 10.1152/ajpendo.1993.264.5.E706.
There is a sparsity of data on energy expenditure in young children. We therefore examined the components of daily energy expenditure in a group of 30 children (16 boys, 14 girls; age 4-6 yr) characterized for body weight, height, heart rate, and body composition from bioelectrical resistance. Total energy expenditure (TEE) was measured over 14 days under free living conditions by doubly labeled water, resting energy expenditure (REE) from indirect calorimetry, and activity energy expenditure was estimated from the difference between TEE and REE. Mean TEE was 1,379 +/- 290 kcal/day, which was 475 +/- 202 kcal/day lower than energy intake recommendations for this age group. Activity-related energy expenditure was estimated to be 267 +/- 203 kcal/day. TEE was most significantly related to fat-free mass (FFM; r = 0.86; P < 0.001), body weight (r = 0.83; P < 0.001), and REE (r = 0.80; P < 0.001). When TEE was adjusted for FFM, a significant correlation with heart rate was observed (partial r = 0.54; P = 0.002). Collectively, 86% of interindividual variation in TEE was accounted for by FFM, heart rate, and REE. We conclude that, in young 4- to 6-yr-old children, 1) TEE is approximately 25% lower than current recommendations for energy intake and 2) combined measurement of FFM, heart rate, and REE explain 86% of interindividual variation in TEE, thus providing a possible alternative method to estimate TEE in young children.
关于幼儿能量消耗的数据较为稀少。因此，我们对一组30名儿童（16名男孩，14名女孩；年龄4 - 6岁）进行了研究，这些儿童通过生物电阻抗法测定了体重、身高、心率和身体成分。在自由生活条件下，采用双标水法测量了14天的总能量消耗（TEE），通过间接量热法测量静息能量消耗（REE），并根据TEE与REE的差值估算活动能量消耗。平均TEE为1379±290千卡/天，比该年龄组的能量摄入建议值低475±202千卡/天。与活动相关的能量消耗估计为267±203千卡/天。TEE与去脂体重（FFM；r = 0.86；P < 0.001）、体重（r = 0.83；P < 0.001）和REE（r = 0.80；P < 0.001）的相关性最为显著。当对TEE进行FFM校正后，观察到与心率存在显著相关性（偏相关系数r = 0.54；P = 0.002）。总体而言，FFM、心率和REE共同解释了TEE个体间变异的86%。我们得出结论，对于4至6岁的幼儿，1）TEE比当前能量摄入建议值低约25%，2）FFM、心率和REE的联合测量解释了TEE个体间变异的86%，从而为估算幼儿的TEE提供了一种可能的替代方法。
