Swenson S L, McMillen J, Hill H T
Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames 50011.
J Vet Diagn Invest. 1993 Jul;5(3):341-6. doi: 10.1177/104063879300500306.
A thymidine kinase (TK), inverted repeat, glycoprotein I (gI) and glycoprotein X (gpX) gene-deleted modified live virus pseudorabies vaccine was evaluated for safety in swine and for efficacy in protecting swine against challenge with pseudorabies virus (PRV). Safety was evaluated by inoculating pregnant gilts intravenously and 3-day-old pigs intracerebrally with the vaccine. Efficacy was evaluated by 1) vaccinating 3-day-old pigs with a minimal protective dose intranasally and then challenging with PRV 3 weeks postvaccination or 2) vaccinating weaned pigs with a standard field dose intramuscularly and then challenging with PRV 4 weeks postvaccination. The pigs vaccinated intranasally remained clinically normal following vaccination and challenge with PRV. The pigs vaccinated intramuscularly remained clinically normal following vaccination, but mild respiratory signs were seen in some of the vaccinated pigs following challenge with PRV. Humoral immune response was evaluated with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) and a serum virus neutralization test. All of the intramuscularly vaccinated pigs became gI and gpX positive on differential ELISAs following challenge. All of the intranasally vaccinated pigs were seropositive on the indirect gI ELISA following challenge, but not all of the pigs were seropositive on the blocking gI ELISA or the gpX ELISA 3 weeks postchallenge.
对一种缺失胸苷激酶（TK）、反向重复序列、糖蛋白I（gI）和糖蛋白X（gpX）基因的减毒活病毒伪狂犬病疫苗进行了猪的安全性评估以及保护猪抵抗伪狂犬病病毒（PRV）攻击的效力评估。通过给妊娠母猪静脉接种以及给3日龄仔猪脑内接种该疫苗来评估安全性。通过以下方式评估效力：1）给3日龄仔猪滴鼻接种最小保护剂量疫苗，然后在接种疫苗3周后用PRV攻击；或2）给断奶仔猪肌肉注射标准田间剂量疫苗，然后在接种疫苗4周后用PRV攻击。滴鼻接种疫苗的猪在接种疫苗以及用PRV攻击后临床症状正常。肌肉注射接种疫苗的猪在接种疫苗后临床症状正常，但在用PRV攻击后，部分接种疫苗的猪出现了轻微的呼吸道症状。采用酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）和血清病毒中和试验评估体液免疫反应。攻击后，所有肌肉注射接种疫苗的猪在鉴别ELISA上gI和gpX呈阳性。攻击后，所有滴鼻接种疫苗的猪在间接gI ELISA上呈血清阳性，但在攻击后3周，并非所有猪在阻断gI ELISA或gpX ELISA上呈血清阳性。
