Cunningham L
J Surg Oncol. 1977;9(1):71-85. doi: 10.1002/jso.2930090112.
Textbook accounts of this subject are inadequate. This review considers the work of Cooper and Salmon and reproduces some of their figures. Applications in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer are discussed. The largest mammary arteries are the lateral (from the axillary) and the anterior medial and posterior medial (from the internal thoracis). The branches of these arteries do not follow the duct system, but instead form a plexus in the anterior fat layer. Normally there are no hypervascular or hypovascular areas. The contribution of the mammary branches of the posterior (aortic) intercostal arteries is minor. There are superficial and deep sets of veins, the latter associated with arteries. Mammary vessels of living women are demonstrated by infrared photography, thermography, and mammography. In the diagnostic use of these methods there is a tendency to rely upon the concept of normal vascular symmetry, but this is a fallacy.
该学科的教科书内容并不充分。本综述考量了库珀和萨尔蒙的研究成果，并重现了他们的一些数据。文中讨论了其在癌症诊断和治疗中的应用。最大的乳腺动脉是外侧动脉（来自腋动脉）以及前内侧动脉和后内侧动脉（来自胸廓内动脉）。这些动脉的分支并不沿着导管系统走行，而是在前脂肪层形成一个血管丛。正常情况下不存在高血供或低血供区域。后（主动脉）肋间动脉的乳腺分支贡献较小。有浅静脉和深静脉两套静脉系统，后者与动脉相伴行。通过红外摄影、热成像和乳腺X线摄影可显示活体女性的乳腺血管。在这些方法的诊断应用中，存在依赖正常血管对称性概念的倾向，但这是一种谬误。
