Nichol K L, Azar M M, Basara M L
Section of General Internal Medicine, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55417.
Am J Prev Med. 1993 Jul-Aug;9(4):231-6.
This study assesses the ability of a blood donor cholesterol screening program to enhance awareness of cholesterol levels among screenees and to promote lifestyle changes and physician follow-up. Beginning in November 1990, all blood donors at the Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Medical Center were offered free cholesterol screening. Each screenee also received educational materials and brief counseling from a nurse. Two weeks after donation, screenees received a postcard with their cholesterol level and information regarding recommended follow-up. Baseline information for all screenees was obtained at the time of donation through a self-administered questionnaire. Follow-up data were collected through structured telephone interviews. During the program's first four months, 1,039 donors (33%) requested cholesterol screening. At baseline, 82.6% of screenees had at least one risk factor for coronary heart disease, and 37% had two or more risk factors. More than one third were unaware of their cholesterol levels. At follow-up, more than 95% indicated that they were aware of their cholesterol levels, and 90% of those with high cholesterol levels had followed up with their physician or made dietary or other lifestyle changes. We conclude that a cholesterol screening and minimal intervention program for blood donors enhances awareness of cholesterol levels and encourages dietary or other lifestyle changes.
本研究评估了一项献血者胆固醇筛查计划提高受检者对胆固醇水平的认识、促进生活方式改变以及推动医生跟进的能力。从1990年11月开始，明尼阿波利斯退伍军人事务医疗中心向所有献血者提供免费胆固醇筛查。每位受检者还会收到教育材料，并接受护士的简短咨询。献血两周后，受检者会收到一张明信片，上面有他们的胆固醇水平以及关于建议跟进措施的信息。所有受检者的基线信息在献血时通过自行填写问卷获得。随访数据通过结构化电话访谈收集。在该计划的前四个月，1039名献血者（33%）要求进行胆固醇筛查。在基线时，82.6%的受检者至少有一项冠心病风险因素，37%有两项或更多风险因素。超过三分之一的人不知道自己的胆固醇水平。在随访时，超过95%的人表示他们知道自己的胆固醇水平，90%胆固醇水平高的人已与医生跟进或进行了饮食或其他生活方式的改变。我们得出结论，一项针对献血者的胆固醇筛查和最小干预计划可提高对胆固醇水平的认识，并鼓励饮食或其他生活方式的改变。
