Del Re M L, Pennese F, Ciurlino P, Abate G
Department of Geriatrics, University of Chieti, Italy.
Aging (Milano). 1993 Jun;5(3):185-92. doi: 10.1007/BF03324153.
Several studies aimed at defining the characteristics of memory impairment resulting from different etiologic forms of dementia have been inconclusive. These unsatisfactory results might be due to the enrollment of various groups of demented patients not matched for disease severity, as well as the use of different psychometric procedures. The object of the present study was to verify the existence of a different pattern of verbal memory impairment that might be useful in clinical practice in two groups of AD and MID patients who were matched for degree of cognitive deterioration. Thirty-seven AD and 41 MID patients were assessed for memory and learning by means of the Supraspan Verbal Learning test (Selective Reminding by Buschke-Fuld), which provides a simultaneous analysis of storage, retention and retrieval abilities. Twenty-four normal subjects were studied as a control group. No differences in storage and retrieval mean scores were found between the two groups. AD patients showed a higher mean score in random retrieval; the mean score in selective retrieval at the end of learning was significantly higher in MID patients, suggesting a more impaired retrieval from long-term storage in AD than in MID patients. Intrusions, defined as inappropriate recurrences from preceding tests, were observed more frequently in AD patients. The presence of intrusions and the delayed retrieval score showed a good level of sensitivity and specificity in the differential diagnosis between the two groups.
多项旨在明确不同病因形式的痴呆所致记忆障碍特征的研究尚无定论。这些不尽人意的结果可能是由于纳入了疾病严重程度不匹配的各类痴呆患者群体，以及使用了不同的心理测量程序。本研究的目的是验证在认知衰退程度匹配的两组阿尔茨海默病（AD）和血管性痴呆（MID）患者中，是否存在一种在临床实践中可能有用的言语记忆障碍的不同模式。通过超跨度言语学习测试（Buschke-Fuld选择性回忆法）对37名AD患者和41名MID患者的记忆和学习情况进行评估，该测试可同时分析存储、保持和检索能力。将24名正常受试者作为对照组进行研究。两组之间在存储和检索平均得分上未发现差异。AD患者在随机检索中的平均得分较高；学习结束时MID患者的选择性检索平均得分显著更高，这表明与MID患者相比，AD患者从长期存储中的检索受损更严重。被定义为前次测试中不适当重复出现的插入错误在AD患者中更频繁地被观察到。插入错误的存在和延迟检索得分在两组的鉴别诊断中显示出良好的敏感性和特异性水平。
