Acquavella J, Leet T, Johnson G
Monsanto Company, St. Louis, MO 63167.
Epidemiology. 1993 Sep;4(5):428-34. doi: 10.1097/00001648-199309000-00008.
We extended a previous cohort study of workers at a metal components manufacturing facility, which found elevated rats of lung cancer and unspecified nonmalignant respiratory diseases, by evaluating mortality rates from 1950 to 1987 for 3,630 workers categorized according to potential exposures to metal dusts, cutting oils/fluids, metal fumes, and solvents. Lung cancer rates were elevated for workers with exposure to metal dusts and cutting oils/fluids [standardized mortality ratio (SMR) = 1.8; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.2-2.6]. We found that elevated mortality was restricted to those workers first exposed during 1950-1959 (SMR = 2.5; 95% CI = 1.6-3.7) and that mortality rates were similar for workers with exposure durations of < 2 years, 2-9 years, and > or = 10 years, respectively. The elevated mortality for workers with < 2 years exposure and the lack of a trend with exposure duration raise the possibilities of either a short-lived occupational carcinogen or an unspecified confounding factor. Mortality rates for stomach or pancreatic cancers--cancers frequently reported to be in excess for metalworking populations--or for nonmalignant respiratory diseases were consistent with expected values for all exposure subgroups.
我们扩展了之前一项针对金属部件制造工厂工人的队列研究，该研究发现肺癌和未明确的非恶性呼吸道疾病发病率升高。此次扩展研究通过评估1950年至1987年期间3630名工人的死亡率进行，这些工人根据潜在接触金属粉尘、切削油/液、金属烟雾和溶剂的情况进行分类。接触金属粉尘和切削油/液的工人肺癌发病率升高[标准化死亡比（SMR）=1.8；95%置信区间（CI）=1.2 - 2.6]。我们发现死亡率升高仅限于那些在1950 - 1959年首次接触的工人（SMR = 2.5；95% CI = 1.6 - 3.7），并且接触时间分别<2年、2 - 9年和≥10年的工人死亡率相似。接触时间<2年的工人死亡率升高以及死亡率与接触时间缺乏相关性，增加了存在短期职业致癌物或未明确混杂因素的可能性。胃癌或胰腺癌（金属加工人群中经常报告这两种癌症发病率过高）以及非恶性呼吸道疾病的死亡率与所有接触亚组的预期值一致。
