Casley-Smith J R
Henry Thomas Laboratory, University of Adelaide, Australia.
Biorheology. 1993 Mar-Apr;30(2):93-105. doi: 10.3233/bir-1993-30201.
The effects of the individual Factors controlling interstitial volume vary between the different steady-states. Partial derivatives of volume with respect to each Factor show only the effects near the steady-state. In passing from one steady-state to another, these partial derivatives vary greatly. The total effects of a Factor are those of the integral of the partial derivative from the initial steady-state to the final one. The simplest way to measure a Factor's total effect is by setting it to zero and observing the difference in tissue volume when the model is perturbed. Thus, to find the effect of proteolysis in lymphoedema, for example, let proteolysis = 0 and compare the final volume in lymphoedema with that when proteolysis is allowed to occur. While the effect of proteolysis is important in lymphoedema, it is of minimal importance in trauma or normal condition. It is again important if proteolysis is increased by benzo-pyrones. There is little correlation between a partial derivative at a steady-state and the integral of this from normal to the state. In low-to-moderate oedemas, many Factors influence the fluid volume. When this volume becomes very large, all Factors except tissue hydrostatic pressure decrease in importance. Tissue hydrostatic pressure can increase indefinitely and is the ultimate reason that oedemas do not increase without limit.
控制间质容积的各个因素的效应在不同的稳态之间存在差异。容积对每个因素的偏导数仅显示稳态附近的效应。从一个稳态转变到另一个稳态时，这些偏导数变化很大。一个因素的总效应是偏导数从初始稳态到最终稳态的积分效应。测量一个因素总效应的最简单方法是将其设为零，并观察模型受到扰动时组织容积的差异。例如，要确定蛋白水解在淋巴水肿中的作用，可设蛋白水解 = 0，然后将淋巴水肿时的最终容积与允许蛋白水解发生时的容积进行比较。虽然蛋白水解在淋巴水肿中作用重要，但在创伤或正常情况下其重要性极小。如果苯并芘增加蛋白水解，其作用又会变得重要。稳态时的偏导数与从正常状态到该状态的积分之间几乎没有相关性。在轻至中度水肿中，许多因素会影响液体容积。当这个容积变得非常大时，除了组织静水压外，所有因素的重要性都会降低。组织静水压可以无限增加，这是水肿不会无限制增加的最终原因。
