Väisänen S, Gävert J, Julkunen A, Voutilainen E, Penttilä I
Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Kuopio, Finland.
Int J Clin Lab Res. 1993;23(3):160-4. doi: 10.1007/BF02592302.
Phosphowolframate/magnesium chloride, a commonly used precipitation method for the determination of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in human serum, yields a supernatant containing almost all of the lipoproteins apo A-I and apo A-II but no lipoprotein apo B. The correlation between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and apo A-I was very high (r = 0.94), as well as that between the precipitation method and ultracentrifugal analysis (r > 0.95, P < 0.001). In contrast, detergent precipitation (for the determination of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in human serum) produced sediments which contained the major proportion of apo B and only minor amounts of apo A-I and apo A-II. The precipitation method for low-density lipoprotein cholesterol showed very good agreement with ultracentrifugal analysis (r = 0.99). Yields of 80.2% were obtained for apo B with both methods. Results obtained using the precipitation methods showed excellent agreement with those obtained using the Friedewald formula (r > 0.99). Results were also very similar when hypertriglyceridemic serum samples were briefly centrifuged before analysis of cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride values. The present study shows highly significant correlations between cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol or low-density lipoprotein cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and apo B/apo A-I ratios (P < 0.001). Apo B and apo A-I levels could be used in addition to low- and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol values when assessing the risk of cardiovascular disease, if the methods for determining serum apolipoproteins have been properly standardized.
磷钨酸盐/氯化镁是一种常用于测定人血清中高密度脂蛋白胆固醇的沉淀方法，该方法产生的上清液几乎包含所有的载脂蛋白A-I和载脂蛋白A-II，但不含载脂蛋白B。高密度脂蛋白胆固醇与载脂蛋白A-I之间的相关性非常高（r = 0.94），沉淀法与超速离心分析之间的相关性也很高（r > 0.95，P < 0.001）。相比之下，去污剂沉淀法（用于测定人血清中的低密度脂蛋白胆固醇）产生的沉淀物中载脂蛋白B占主要部分，而载脂蛋白A-I和载脂蛋白A-II含量很少。低密度脂蛋白胆固醇的沉淀法与超速离心分析显示出非常好的一致性（r = 0.99）。两种方法测定载脂蛋白B的回收率均为80.2%。沉淀法得到的结果与使用Friedewald公式得到的结果显示出极好的一致性（r > 0.99）。在分析胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇和甘油三酯值之前，对高甘油三酯血症血清样本进行短暂离心，结果也非常相似。本研究表明，胆固醇/高密度脂蛋白胆固醇或低密度脂蛋白胆固醇/高密度脂蛋白胆固醇与载脂蛋白B/载脂蛋白A-I比值之间存在高度显著的相关性（P < 0.001）。如果血清载脂蛋白的测定方法已经得到适当标准化，那么在评估心血管疾病风险时，除了低密度和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇值外，还可以使用载脂蛋白B和载脂蛋白A-I水平。
