Keene J, Stimson G V, Jones S, Parry-Langdon N
Department of Psychiatry, Charing Cross and Westminster Medical School, University of London, UK.
Addiction. 1993 Aug;88(8):1063-70. doi: 10.1111/j.1360-0443.1993.tb02125.x.
This paper considers the prevention of HIV in rural and urban areas among both opiate and non-opiate drug injectors. A 2-year study evaluated specialist and community based syringe-exchange provision in Wales. Numbers of clients and patterns of attendance at eight syringe-exchange schemes were monitored together with comparative cross-sectional studies of attenders (n = 152) and non-attenders (n = 176) from the population of drug injectors in 1990 and 1991. A total of 1171 clients made 7553 visits in the 2-year period, 110,000 syringes were issued and 80% of needles and syringes were returned. There were few demographic differences between attenders and non-attenders, but large and significant differences in HIV risk behaviour; only 9% of attenders had recently shared syringes in 1990 (10% in 1991) compared to 41% of non-attenders (39% in 1991). The catchment areas of specialised services were limited (5 miles or less) and insufficient in rural areas. Alternative community approaches to syringe distribution and exchange are examined.
本文探讨了在农村和城市地区针对阿片类和非阿片类药物注射者的艾滋病毒预防问题。一项为期两年的研究评估了威尔士基于专科和社区的注射器交换服务。对八个注射器交换计划的服务对象数量和就诊模式进行了监测，并对1990年和1991年来自药物注射者群体的就诊者（n = 152）和未就诊者（n = 176）进行了比较横断面研究。在这两年期间，共有1171名服务对象进行了7553次就诊，发放了110,000支注射器，80%的针头和注射器被归还。就诊者和未就诊者在人口统计学上差异不大，但在艾滋病毒风险行为方面存在巨大且显著的差异；1990年只有9%的就诊者最近共用过注射器（1991年为10%），相比之下，未就诊者的这一比例为41%（1991年为39%）。专科服务的覆盖区域有限（5英里或更小），在农村地区不足。研究还探讨了注射器分发和交换的替代性社区方法。
