Wolk J, Wodak A, Morlet A, Guinan J J, Wilson E, Gold J, Cooper D A
Albion Street (AIDS) Centre, Surry Hills, Australia.
AIDS. 1988 Oct;2(5):373-7. doi: 10.1097/00002030-198810000-00007.
The contents of needles and syringes returned by intravenous drug users to two Sydney needle and syringe exchange centres were analysed for HIV antibodies by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Reactive and borderline samples were further tested by the Western blot method. Basic demographic and needle sharing data were also collected from the clients of the exchanges. Of a sample of 1544 returned syringes, 48 (3%) were confirmed as containing HIV-infected blood. The proportion of infected syringes at exchange 2 was 6% (33 out of 545), which was significantly greater (P less than 0.05) than the proportion of exchange 1 at 1.5% (15 out of 999). The difference in seroprevalence between the two centres may be related to the behavioural characteristics of the client populations that attended each of the exchanges. The maintenance of a low syringe HIV seroprevalence (1-1.5%) over a 7-month period at one exchange may indicate that the availability of sterile needles and syringes prevented transmission of HIV among the clients of that exchange. HIV antibody testing of the contents of used syringes is a potentially valuable method of monitoring HIV infection among intravenous drug users. In this study, syringe exchange schemes have proved to be suitable venues for investigating the demographic characteristics and risk-taking behaviours of this population.
通过酶联免疫吸附测定法（ELISA）对静脉吸毒者返还至悉尼两个针头和注射器交换中心的针头及注射器内的物质进行了HIV抗体分析。对呈阳性反应和临界值样本进一步采用蛋白质印迹法检测。还从交换中心的客户处收集了基本人口统计学信息及针头共用数据。在1544份返还注射器样本中，48份（3%）被确认为含有感染HIV的血液。交换中心2的感染注射器比例为6%（545份中有33份），显著高于（P小于0.05）交换中心1的1.5%（999份中有15份）。两个中心血清阳性率的差异可能与前往各交换中心的客户群体的行为特征有关。在一个交换中心，7个月期间注射器HIV血清阳性率维持在较低水平（1 - 1.5%），这可能表明无菌针头和注射器的供应防止了该交换中心客户之间HIV的传播。对用过的注射器内物质进行HIV抗体检测是监测静脉吸毒者中HIV感染情况的一种潜在有价值的方法。在本研究中，注射器交换计划已被证明是调查该人群人口统计学特征及冒险行为的合适场所。
