Kontinen V K, Maunuksela E L, Sarvela J
Department of Anaesthesia, Helsinki University Eye Hospital, Finland.
Can J Anaesth. 1993 Sep;40(9):829-34. doi: 10.1007/BF03009253.
The clinical effects of a new administration form of triazolam, 0.2 mg sublingual (sl) tablet, were compared with those of a 10 mg tablet of diazepam in a double-blind study, in 100 ASA I-II patients scheduled for ophthalmic surgery under local anaesthesia. The sedative and anxiolytic effects of the study drugs were followed at 15 min intervals by plotting the patient's assessments on a visual analogue scale and by a trained observer. The onset of sedative and anxiolytic effect was similar. At 75 min after premedication and after the operation triazolam 0.2 mg caused deeper sedation than diazepam 10 mg according to the observer (P < 0.001, P < 0.01) and according to the patient (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). Ten patients (20%) in the triazolam group and one in the diazepam group were assessed to be too sedated during the operation. All these patients were 61-70 yr old. The study drugs resulted in equal reduction of anxiety during the preoperative period. Both premedications provided good patient comfort but caused total amnesia only to one patient in each group. Neither caused any severe cardiorespiratory or other side effects. It is concluded that 0.2 mg triazolam sl produces deeper sedation than 10 mg oral diazepam. For elderly patients this dose is excessive for intraocular surgery.
在一项双盲研究中，对100例计划在局部麻醉下接受眼科手术的ASA I-II级患者，比较了三唑仑新剂型（0.2毫克舌下含片）与10毫克地西泮片剂的临床效果。每隔15分钟，通过让患者在视觉模拟量表上进行评估以及由一名经过培训的观察者进行评估，来跟踪研究药物的镇静和抗焦虑效果。镇静和抗焦虑效果的起效时间相似。根据观察者（P<0.001，P<0.01）以及患者（P<0.01，P<0.05）的评估，在术前用药75分钟及术后，0.2毫克三唑仑引起的镇静作用比10毫克地西泮更深。三唑仑组有10例患者（20%）以及地西泮组有1例患者在手术期间被评估为镇静过度。所有这些患者年龄在61至70岁之间。研究药物在术前阶段导致焦虑程度同等降低。两种术前用药均使患者舒适度良好，但每组仅各有1例患者出现完全遗忘。两者均未引起任何严重的心肺或其他副作用。得出的结论是，0.2毫克舌下含服三唑仑产生的镇静作用比10毫克口服地西泮更深。对于老年患者，该剂量用于眼内手术过大。
