Kriska A M, LaPorte R E, Pettitt D J, Charles M A, Nelson R G, Kuller L H, Bennett P H, Knowler W C
Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
Diabetologia. 1993 Sep;36(9):863-9. doi: 10.1007/BF00400363.
The relationships between physical activity, obesity, fat distribution and glucose tolerance were examined in the Pima Indians who have the highest documented incidence of non-insulin-dependent diabetes. Fasting and 2-h post-load plasma glucose concentrations, body mass index, and waist-to-thigh circumference ratios were determined in 1054 subjects aged 15-59 years. Current (during the most recent calendar year) and historical (over a lifetime) leisure and occupational physical activity were determined by questionnaire. Current physical activity was inversely correlated with fasting and 2-h plasma glucose concentrations, body mass index and waist-to-thigh ratios for most sex-age groups even when diabetic subjects were excluded. Controlled for age, obesity and fat distribution, activity remained significantly associated with 2-h plasma glucose concentrations in males. In subjects aged 37-59 years, individuals with diabetes compared to those without reported significantly less leisure physical activity during the teenage years (median hours per week of activity, 9.1 vs 13.2 for men; 1.0 vs 2.2 for women). Controlled for body mass index, sex, age and waist-to-thigh ratio, subjects who reported low levels of historical leisure physical activity had a higher rate of diabetes than those who were more active. In conclusion, current physical activity was inversely related to glucose intolerance, obesity and central distribution of fat, particularly in males. Subjects with diabetes were currently less active and reported less historical physical activity than non-diabetic subjects. These findings suggest that activity may protect against the development of non-insulin-dependent diabetes both directly and through an influence on obesity and fat distribution.
在有记录的非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病发病率最高的皮马印第安人中，研究了身体活动、肥胖、脂肪分布与葡萄糖耐量之间的关系。对1054名年龄在15至59岁的受试者测定了空腹及负荷后2小时的血浆葡萄糖浓度、体重指数和腰臀围比。通过问卷调查确定了当前（最近一个日历年期间）和历史（一生期间）的休闲及职业身体活动情况。即使排除糖尿病患者，对于大多数性别年龄组而言，当前身体活动与空腹及2小时血浆葡萄糖浓度、体重指数和腰臀比呈负相关。在控制了年龄、肥胖和脂肪分布后，男性的身体活动仍与2小时血浆葡萄糖浓度显著相关。在37至59岁的受试者中，与未患糖尿病的人相比，患有糖尿病的人在青少年时期报告的休闲身体活动显著较少（男性每周活动的中位数小时数，分别为9.1和13.2；女性分别为1.0和2.2）。在控制了体重指数、性别、年龄和腰臀比后，报告历史休闲身体活动水平较低的受试者患糖尿病的几率高于活动较多的受试者。总之，当前身体活动与葡萄糖不耐受、肥胖及脂肪的中心分布呈负相关，尤其是在男性中。糖尿病患者目前的活动较少，且报告的历史身体活动比非糖尿病患者少。这些发现表明，身体活动可能直接以及通过对肥胖和脂肪分布的影响来预防非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病的发生。
