Coffin C M, Dehner L P
Lauren V. Ackerman Division of Surgical Pathology, Washington University Medical Center, St. Louis, Missouri.
Pathol Annu. 1993;28 Pt 1:97-120.
Vascular tumors in 222 children and adolescents accounted for 25 percent of all soft tissue tumors in our series of over 900 pediatric cases. Based upon standard histopathologic criteria, 203 (89 percent) were benign, 21 (9 percent) were borderline or indeterminant, and 4 (2 percent) were malignant. The mean age at diagnosis was 12 years; 26 percent (58) of cases were diagnosed in the first year of life and 57 percent (127) in the first decade. The male:female ratio was 1:2. The head and neck (80 cases, 35 percent), extremities (79 cases, 35 percent), and trunk (65 cases, 28 percent) were respectively the regional sites. Seven patients with localized angiomas had more than one lesion; 22 required re-excision for recurrent tumors. Hemangiomas of one type or another accounted for 64 percent and lymphangiomas for 29 percent of the benign group. Capillary hemangioma (73 cases, 32 percent of entire group) was the most common type, followed by lymphangioma (59 cases, 26 percent). Nine patients had diffuse angiomatosis. Borderline tumors comprised 9 percent (21 cases) of cases including ten histiocytoid hemangiomas and 7 hemangiopericytomas. Angiosarcoma (three cases) and Kaposi's sarcoma (one case) constituted the malignant tumors.
在我们超过900例儿科病例系列中，222名儿童和青少年的血管肿瘤占所有软组织肿瘤的25%。根据标准组织病理学标准，203例（89%）为良性，21例（9%）为交界性或不确定型，4例（2%）为恶性。诊断时的平均年龄为12岁；26%（58例）的病例在出生后第一年被诊断出，57%（127例）在第一个十年内被诊断出。男女比例为1:2。头颈部（80例，35%）、四肢（79例，35%）和躯干（65例，28%）分别为主要发病部位。7例局限性血管瘤患者有不止一处病变；22例因肿瘤复发需要再次切除。在良性组中，一种或另一种类型的血管瘤占64%，淋巴管瘤占29%。毛细血管瘤（73例，占整个组的32%）是最常见的类型，其次是淋巴管瘤（59例，26%）。9例患者患有弥漫性血管瘤病。交界性肿瘤占病例的9%（21例），包括10例组织细胞样血管瘤和7例血管外皮细胞瘤。血管肉瘤（3例）和卡波西肉瘤（1例）构成恶性肿瘤。
