Kaldor J, McDonald A M, Blumer C E, Gertig D M, Patten J J, Roberts M, Walker C C, Mullins S E, Bailey K A, Chuah J C
National Centre in HIV Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW.
Med J Aust. 1993 Jan 4;158(1):10-7. doi: 10.5694/j.1326-5377.1993.tb121640.x.
To describe the incidence of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in Australia between 1982 and 1991.
State and Territory Health Departments notified new diagnoses of AIDS to the National AIDS Registry. Information reported for each case included sex, date of birth, date of AIDS diagnosis, presumed mode of exposure to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and illness(es) on which the diagnosis of AIDS was based.
To the end of March 1992, 3,160 cases of AIDS were reported as having been diagnosed between 1982 and the end of 1991. The cumulative incidence per head of population was about twice as high in New South Wales as in Australia as a whole. Over 97% of cases were in men, of whom 91% were adults or adolescents reporting homosexual contact. In women, 40% of cases were acquired through receipt of blood, blood products or tissue. The annual incidence of AIDS rose sharply until about 1988, but the annual rates of increase slowed in subsequent years. This trend was also apparent in cases acquired through sexual contact between men. In other exposure groups, numbers of cases were much smaller and trends less apparent. However, there was no indication of a similar levelling in AIDS incidence, except among blood transfusion recipients, in whom incidence may be declining.
Transmission of HIV among people with AIDS in Australia has been overwhelmingly attributed to sexual contact between men. The annual incidence of cases attributed to sexual contact between men appears to be stabilising.
描述1982年至1991年期间澳大利亚获得性免疫缺陷综合征（艾滋病）的发病率。
各州和地区卫生部门将艾滋病新诊断病例通报给国家艾滋病登记处。报告的每个病例信息包括性别、出生日期、艾滋病诊断日期、推测的人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）暴露方式以及艾滋病诊断所依据的疾病。
到1992年3月底，报告了1982年至1991年底期间确诊的3160例艾滋病病例。新南威尔士州的人均累计发病率约为澳大利亚整体的两倍。超过97%的病例为男性，其中91%为报告有同性恋接触的成年人或青少年。在女性中，40%的病例是通过接受血液、血液制品或组织感染的。艾滋病的年发病率在1988年左右之前急剧上升，但随后几年的年增长率放缓。这种趋势在男性之间性接触感染的病例中也很明显。在其他暴露组中，病例数要少得多，趋势也不太明显。然而，除了输血接受者中发病率可能在下降外，没有迹象表明艾滋病发病率有类似的趋于平稳的情况。
在澳大利亚，艾滋病患者中HIV的传播绝大多数归因于男性之间的性接触。男性之间性接触导致的病例年发病率似乎趋于稳定。
