2号燃油的住宅排放：室内空气污染的一个因素。
Residential releases of number 2 fuel oil: a contributor to indoor air pollution.
作者信息
Kaplan M B, Brandt-Rauf P, Axley J W, Shen T T, Sewell G H
机构信息
Division of Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY.
出版信息
Am J Public Health. 1993 Jan;83(1):84-8. doi: 10.2105/ajph.83.1.84.
OBJECTIVES
Analysis of data from the New York City Fire Department showed that residential fuel oil releases frequently occur in quantities ranging from 5 to 1000 gal, primarily from storage tank leaks and overfill. A risk assessment was conducted to determine whether Number 2 fuel oil basement spills pose a significant risk to human health.
METHODS
Exposure was derived from a simulated field study spill of Number 2 fuel oil in a townhouse basement to develop emission rates for the indicator constituent xylene. Distribution of xylene throughout the townhouse was determined using a multizone contaminant dispersal model.
RESULTS
Spills of 85 and 21 gal resulted in xylene exposure estimates as high as 20 and 5 mg/kg/day, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS
A spill of about 21 gal or more of Number 2 fuel oil would present a human health risk for central nervous and reproductive systems for 8 days or longer. Tank inspection and supervised delivery would provide effective prevention at minimal expense.
目的
对纽约市消防部门的数据进行分析表明，住宅燃油泄漏事件频繁发生，泄漏量从5加仑到1000加仑不等，主要原因是储油罐泄漏和溢流。开展了一项风险评估，以确定2号燃油地下室泄漏是否会对人体健康构成重大风险。
方法
通过在联排别墅地下室进行2号燃油模拟现场研究泄漏来确定暴露情况，从而得出指示性成分二甲苯的排放率。使用多区域污染物扩散模型确定二甲苯在整个联排别墅中的分布情况。
结果
85加仑和21加仑的泄漏分别导致二甲苯暴露估计值高达20毫克/千克/天和5毫克/千克/天。
结论
2号燃油泄漏约21加仑或更多时，会在8天或更长时间内对中枢神经和生殖系统构成人体健康风险。油罐检查和监督输送将以最低成本提供有效的预防措施。
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