Aspöck H
Wien Klin Wochenschr. 1977 Jan 21;89(2):37-40.
The rapid progress made in both theoretical and practical fields in laboratory medicine, in general, and in microbiological diagnostic procedures, in particular, have also led to a significant enlargement of, and improvement in laboratory diagnosis of amoebic infections in man. In all intestinal infections with Entamoeba histolytica the demonstration of the parasite is absolutely essential, but is facilitated nowadays by the great improvement in technical conditions. Immunodiagnostic methods have become of great importance in all cases of extraintestinal manifestation of parasite. By the combined application of several serological tests (latex test + indirect haemagglutination test or latex test + indirect immunofluorescence test) practically 100% of cases of extraintestinal amoebiasis can be detected. When using all available optimum methods of laboratory diagnosis today, it is neither possible to overlook an infection with Entamoeba histolytica nor to make a flase positive diagnosis. Great difficulties are still encountered in the laboratory diagnosis of primary meningoencephalitis caused by free-living amoebae of the Limax group owing to the dramatic course of the disease. Present and possible future methods are discussed.
总体而言，检验医学在理论和实践领域，尤其是微生物诊断程序方面取得的快速进展，也极大地拓展并改进了对人类阿米巴感染的实验室诊断。在所有溶组织内阿米巴肠道感染中，找到该寄生虫绝对必要，而如今技术条件的大幅改善使这一过程变得更加容易。免疫诊断方法在寄生虫所有肠外表现的病例中都变得极为重要。通过联合应用多种血清学检测（乳胶试验 + 间接血凝试验或乳胶试验 + 间接免疫荧光试验），几乎可以检测出所有肠外阿米巴病病例。在如今使用所有可用的最佳实验室诊断方法时，既不会遗漏溶组织内阿米巴感染，也不会做出假阳性诊断。由于疾病病程急剧，在由蛞蝓属自由生活阿米巴引起的原发性脑膜脑炎的实验室诊断中仍面临巨大困难。本文讨论了当前和未来可能的诊断方法。
