Berger R A, Rubash H E, Seel M J, Thompson W H, Crossett L S
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1993 Jan(286):40-7.
The posterior condylar surfaces of the femur are routinely used as the reference for the rotational orientation of the femoral component during most primary total knee arthroplasties. The purpose of this investigation was to identify a clearly discernible, reproducible secondary anatomic axis useful for determining the rotational orientation of the femoral component when the posterior condylar surfaces cannot be used. Seventy-five embalmed anatomic specimen femurs were studied. A surgical epicondylar axis was defined as the line connecting the lateral epicondylar prominence and the medial sulcus of the medial epicondyle. The posterior condylar angle was measured as the angle between the posterior condylar surfaces and the surgical epicondylar axis. Measurement of the posterior condylar angle referenced from the surgical epicondylar axis yielded a mean posterior condylar angle of 3.5 degrees (+/- 1.2 degrees) of internal rotation for males and a mean posterior condylar angle of 0.3 degree (+/- 1.2 degrees) of internal rotation for females. Thus, rotational alignment of the femoral component can be accurately estimated using the posterior condylar angle. The posterior condylar angle, referenced from the surgical epicondylar axis, provides a visual rotational alignment check during primary arthroplasty and may improve alignment of the femoral component at revision.
在大多数初次全膝关节置换术中，股骨后髁表面通常被用作股骨假体旋转方向的参考。本研究的目的是确定一条清晰可辨、可重复的次要解剖轴，以便在无法使用后髁表面时用于确定股骨假体的旋转方向。对75具防腐处理的解剖学标本股骨进行了研究。手术上髁轴被定义为连接外侧髁突突出点与内侧髁突内侧沟的线。后髁角被测量为后髁表面与手术上髁轴之间的角度。从手术上髁轴测量后髁角，男性的平均后髁角为内旋3.5度（±1.2度），女性为内旋0.3度（±1.2度）。因此，使用后髁角可以准确估计股骨假体的旋转对线。从手术上髁轴测量的后髁角在初次关节置换术中提供了一种视觉旋转对线检查，并且可能在翻修时改善股骨假体的对线。
