Webb P
Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol. 1993;66(1):18-24. doi: 10.1007/BF00863394.
During calorimetric experiments with forced cooling and rewarming, changes in rectal temperature (Tre) and mean skin temperature (Tsk) allowed calculations of Burton's (1935) weighting coefficient "a", which relates body temperature change to change in mean body temperature (delta Tb). Calculating delta Tb from change in body heat content (delta Hb), which was determined from direct and indirect calorimetry, included individualized values for body specific heat based on body fat content. In five different cooling procedures there were two with cooling by exposure to cold water and three with cooling in a tubing suit; two of the procedures included mild exercise. The delta Hb ranged from -335 to -1600 kJ; rewarming restored body heat content. The mean (SEM) value of "a" in 119 determinations was 0.75 (0.01). This small variability in the coefficient probably came from the large values of delta Hb and from the use of maximal changes in Tsk and Tre, including afterdrop. Change in Tre by itself correlated with delta Tb, but with much variability. In forced body cooling and rewarming, 0.75 (delta Tre) + 0.25 (delta Tsk) gives an accurate estimate of delta Tb, hence change in body heat storage.
在强制冷却和复温的量热实验中，通过直肠温度（Tre）和平均皮肤温度（Tsk）的变化，可以计算出伯顿（1935年）的加权系数“a”，该系数将体温变化与平均体温变化（ΔTb）联系起来。根据直接和间接量热法确定的身体热含量变化（ΔHb）来计算ΔTb，其中包括基于体脂含量的个体身体比热值。在五种不同的冷却程序中，两种是通过暴露在冷水中进行冷却，三种是在管状服中进行冷却；其中两种程序包括轻度运动。ΔHb范围为-335至-1600 kJ；复温可恢复身体热含量。在119次测定中，“a”的平均值（标准误）为0.75（0.01）。该系数的这种小变异性可能来自于ΔHb的大值以及Tsk和Tre的最大变化值的使用，包括体温后降。Tre本身的变化与ΔTb相关，但变异性很大。在强制身体冷却和复温过程中，0.75（ΔTre）+ 0.25（ΔTsk）可准确估计ΔTb，从而得出身体热储存的变化。
