Nicolas A, Bach V, Tassi P, Dewasmes G, Ehrhart J, Muzet A, Libert J P
Laboratoire de Physiologie et de Psychologie Environnementales, UMR 32, CNRS/INRS, Strasbourg, France.
Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol. 1993;66(1):76-84. doi: 10.1007/BF00863404.
Intermittent noise occurring during sleep has been found to induce heart rate, peripheral vasomotor and electroencephalogram (EEG) changes. This study analysed these responses during the daytime and night-time sleep of shiftworkers doing a three shift system, to determine the influence of the inversion of the sleep-wake cycle on the sensitivity to noise. A group of 14 shiftworkers [aged 37 (SD 5) years] underwent an habituation daytime sleep, two experimental daytime sleeps and a night-time sleep. Traffic noises were presented during sleep [truck, 71 dB(A); motorbike, 67 dB(A); and car, 64 dB(A)] at a rate of nine each hour. The EEG measurements of sleep, electrocardiogram and finger pulse amplitude were recorded continuously. The results were expressed by computing the percentage of observed cardiac response (%HRR) and vasoconstrictive response (%FPR), magnitude of heart rate variation (heart rate response; HRR), percentage of reduction of the digital blood flow (finger pulse response, FPR), cardiac cost (CC = % HRR x HRR) and vasomotor cost (VC = % FPR x FPR). The results showed that, compared to night-time sleep, there was change in the structure of daytime sleep, that is an increase in slow wave sleep (SWS), especially stage 4 sleep decrease of stage 2 and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep latencies, and an earlier SWS and REM sleep barycentric point. During daytime sleep the % FPR was significantly smaller in SWS than in stage 2 or REM sleep. Large differences were observed in % HRR, HRR and CC between daytime sleep stages (SWS less than stage 2 less than REM sleep).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
研究发现，睡眠期间出现的间歇性噪音会引起心率、外周血管舒缩以及脑电图（EEG）变化。本研究分析了实行三班倒制度的轮班工人在白天和夜间睡眠期间的这些反应，以确定睡眠 - 觉醒周期颠倒对噪音敏感性的影响。一组14名轮班工人[年龄37（标准差5）岁]经历了一次适应性白天睡眠、两次实验性白天睡眠和一次夜间睡眠。睡眠期间以每小时九次的频率播放交通噪音[卡车，71分贝（A）；摩托车，67分贝（A）；汽车，64分贝（A）]。连续记录睡眠的脑电图测量值、心电图和手指脉搏幅度。结果通过计算观察到的心脏反应百分比（%HRR）和血管收缩反应百分比（%FPR）、心率变化幅度（心率反应；HRR）、手指血流量减少百分比（手指脉搏反应，FPR）、心脏代价（CC = %HRR×HRR）和血管舒缩代价（VC = %FPR×FPR）来表示。结果表明，与夜间睡眠相比，白天睡眠结构发生了变化，即慢波睡眠（SWS）增加，尤其是4期睡眠增加，2期睡眠和快速眼动（REM）睡眠潜伏期缩短，以及SWS和REM睡眠重心点提前。在白天睡眠期间，SWS中的%FPR明显小于2期或REM睡眠。在白天睡眠各阶段之间，%HRR、HRR和CC存在很大差异（SWS＜2期＜REM睡眠）。
