Carroll K M, Power M E, Bryant K, Rounsaville B J
Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut.
J Nerv Ment Dis. 1993 Feb;181(2):71-9. doi: 10.1097/00005053-199302000-00001.
While the prognostic significance of comorbid psychopathology and dependence severity has been demonstrated with opiate addicts and alcoholics, no previous reports have examined these issues in cocaine abusers. We reinterviewed 94 cocaine abusers 1 year after they sought treatment to assess predictors of treatment retention and outcome. Results suggested that: a) Many cocaine abusers did comparatively well; fully a third reported complete abstinence during the 12 months preceding the follow-up interview. b) Three variables emerged as consistent predictors across several outcome domains: severity of drug use, poorer psychiatric functioning, and presence of concurrent alcoholism. c) The data supported a unidimensional model of outcome for cocaine abuse that emphasized reduction in level of substance use. However, abstinence was not strongly associated with improved functioning in all outcome areas. d) Variables associated with longer retention in treatment also tended to predict poorer outcome.
虽然合并的精神病理学和依赖严重程度对阿片类成瘾者和酒精成瘾者的预后意义已得到证实，但之前尚无报告在可卡因滥用者中研究这些问题。我们在94名可卡因滥用者寻求治疗1年后对他们进行了再次访谈，以评估治疗保留率和治疗结果的预测因素。结果表明：a）许多可卡因滥用者情况相对较好；足足三分之一的人报告在随访访谈前的12个月内完全戒断。b）在几个结果领域中，有三个变量始终是预测因素：药物使用的严重程度、较差的精神功能以及并发酒精中毒的情况。c）数据支持可卡因滥用结果的单维模型，该模型强调物质使用水平的降低。然而，戒断与所有结果领域功能的改善并没有紧密关联。d）与治疗保留时间较长相关的变量往往也预示着较差的治疗结果。
