Schwartz Elizabeth K C, Wolkowicz Noah R, De Aquino Joao P, MacLean R Ross, Sofuoglu Mehmet
Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
Department of Psychiatry, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA.
Subst Abuse Rehabil. 2022 Sep 3;13:25-46. doi: 10.2147/SAR.S337338. eCollection 2022.
Cocaine use disorder (CUD) is a devastating disorder, impacting both individuals and society. Individuals with CUD face many barriers in accessing treatment for CUD, and most individuals with CUD never receive treatment. In this review, we provide an overview of CUD, including risk factors for CUD, common co-occurring disorders, acute and chronic effects of cocaine use, and currently available pharmacological and behavioral treatments. There are no FDA-approved pharmacological treatments for CUD. Future studies with larger sample sizes and testing treatment combinations are warranted. However, individuals with CUD and co-occurring disorders (eg, a mood or anxiety disorder) may benefit from medication treatments. There are behavioral interventions that have demonstrated efficacy in treating CUD - contingency management (CM) and cognitive-behavioral therapy for substance use disorders (CBT-SUD) in particular - however many barriers remain in delivering these treatments to patients. Following the discussion of current treatments, we highlight some promising emerging treatments, as well as offer a framework that can be used in building a treatment plan for individuals with CUD.
可卡因使用障碍（CUD）是一种具有破坏性的疾病，对个人和社会都会产生影响。患有CUD的人在获得CUD治疗方面面临许多障碍，而且大多数患有CUD的人从未接受过治疗。在本综述中，我们概述了CUD，包括CUD的风险因素、常见的共病疾病、可卡因使用的急性和慢性影响，以及目前可用的药物和行为治疗方法。目前尚无美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）批准的用于治疗CUD的药物。有必要开展样本量更大的未来研究并测试治疗组合。然而，患有CUD和共病疾病（如情绪或焦虑障碍）的人可能会从药物治疗中受益。有一些行为干预措施已被证明在治疗CUD方面有效——尤其是应急管理（CM）和物质使用障碍认知行为疗法（CBT-SUD）——然而，在将这些治疗方法提供给患者方面仍存在许多障碍。在讨论了当前的治疗方法之后，我们强调了一些有前景的新兴治疗方法，并提供了一个可用于为患有CUD的人制定治疗计划的框架。
