Freeman H E, Klein R E, Kagan J, Yarbrough C
Am J Public Health. 1977 Mar;67(3):233-9. doi: 10.2105/ajph.67.3.233.
The nutritional status of three and four year old children, as measured by height and head circumference, is related to cognitive performance in four rural Guatemalan villages. The relationships persist when social factors are taken into account. Families in two of the villages participate in a voluntary, high protein-calorie supplementation program. In the other two villages, the families receive a vitamin and mineral supplement with one-third of the calories. Although the longitudinal study still is ongoing there is some evidence that the children who receive the higher calorie supplement (or whose mothers received it during pregnancy and lactation) are most likely to score high in cognitive performance. The results support other animal and human studies that report an association between nutrition and cognitive development. The findings, while not diminishing social environmental explantions of differences in cognitive function, suggest the worth of nutrition intervention programs in rural areas of lesser-developed countries.
在危地马拉的四个乡村，通过身高和头围衡量的三四岁儿童的营养状况与认知表现相关。在考虑社会因素时，这种关系依然存在。其中两个村庄的家庭参与了一个自愿的高蛋白热量补充项目。在另外两个村庄，家庭接受的是含有三分之一热量的维生素和矿物质补充剂。尽管纵向研究仍在进行，但有一些证据表明，接受更高热量补充剂的儿童（或其母亲在孕期和哺乳期接受过高热量补充剂的儿童）在认知表现方面得分最高的可能性最大。这些结果支持了其他动物和人类研究，这些研究报告了营养与认知发展之间的关联。这些发现虽然没有削弱对认知功能差异的社会环境解释，但表明了在欠发达国家农村地区开展营养干预项目的价值。
