Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
Adv Nutr. 2011 Mar;2(2):201S-6S. doi: 10.3945/an.111.000331. Epub 2011 Mar 10.
We reviewed studies that examine the relationship of energy consumption, storage, and expenditure to cognition and scholastic performance. Specifically, the literature base on nutrient intake, body mass, and physical activity is described relative to cognitive development and academic achievement. The review of literature regarding the overconsumption of energy and excess body mass suggests poorer academic achievement during development and greater decay of brain structure and function accompanied by increased cognitive aging during older adulthood. The review of literature regarding energy expenditure through the adoption of increased physical activity participation suggests increased cognitive health and function. Although this area of study is in its infancy, the preliminary data are promising and matched with the declining physical health of industrialized nations; this area of science could provide insight aimed at improving brain health and cognitive function across the human lifespan.
我们回顾了研究能量消耗、储存和支出与认知和学业表现之间关系的研究。具体来说，本文描述了关于营养摄入、体重和身体活动的文献基础，这些都与认知发展和学业成绩有关。关于能量过度消耗和超重的文献综述表明，在发展过程中学习成绩较差，大脑结构和功能衰退更多，在老年时认知老化增加。关于通过增加身体活动参与来消耗能量的文献综述表明，认知健康和功能得到提高。尽管这一研究领域还处于起步阶段，但初步数据很有希望，与工业化国家不断下降的身体健康状况相匹配；这一科学领域可以提供洞察力，旨在改善整个人类生命周期的大脑健康和认知功能。
