Smith G L, Felix D H, Wray D
Department of Oral Medicine & Oral Pathology, University of Edinburgh.
Br Dent J. 1993 Feb 6;174(3):102-5. doi: 10.1038/sj.bdj.4808083.
The occurrence of unusual and severe forms of periodontal disease in HIV-infected individuals is well recognised. Several classification schemes have been proposed in an effort to associate periodontal deterioration with progressive stages of HIV infection and to determine aetiological factors in tissue destruction. No classification to date has proved entirely satisfactory. This paper reviews current classification schemes and suggests an alternative based upon the periodontal status of a cohort of HIV seropositive patients in Edinburgh. The proposed classification includes 'conventional', non-specific gingivitis and adult periodontitis such as occur in HIV seronegative individuals, but which may also be seen in seropositive subjects. However, conditions termed linear gingivitis and necrotising periodontitis may be pathognomonic for HIV infection. It is recommended that the term 'HIV-associated' be dropped in relation to periodontal disease.
HIV感染者中出现异常严重的牙周疾病已得到充分认识。为了将牙周恶化与HIV感染的进展阶段联系起来，并确定组织破坏的病因，人们提出了几种分类方案。迄今为止，没有一种分类被证明是完全令人满意的。本文回顾了当前的分类方案，并基于爱丁堡一组HIV血清阳性患者的牙周状况提出了一种替代方案。提议的分类包括“传统型”非特异性牙龈炎和成人牙周炎，这些在HIV血清阴性个体中也会出现，但在血清阳性个体中也可能见到。然而，称为线性牙龈炎和坏死性牙周炎的情况可能是HIV感染的特征性表现。建议不再使用与牙周疾病相关的“HIV相关性”这一术语。
