Lorino A M, Jarreau P H, Sartene R, Mathieu M, Macquin-Mavier I, Harf A
INSERM U 296, Département de Physiologie, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Créteil, France.
Am Rev Respir Dis. 1993 Feb;147(2):392-7. doi: 10.1164/ajrccm/147.2.392.
The changes in end-expiratory lung volume (EELV) accompanying histamine-induced bronchoconstriction were compared for two routes of drug administration in anesthetized, paralyzed, and mechanically ventilated guinea pigs. Changes in EELV were estimated from measurements of thoracic cross-sectional area, assessed from the voltage induced by an external uniform magnetic field in a pickup coil encircling the rib cage. Increasing doses of histamine were administered as bolus injections in Group 1 (n = 7) and as nebulizations in Group 2 (n = 7). After each bronchial challenge, the maximum change in EELV and the associated intrinsic positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEPi) were measured at the same time. In both groups, bronchoconstriction was accompanied by an increase in EELV, which was related to the degree of bronchoconstriction and reached about 70 to 100% of the basal functional residual capacity. The increases in EELV were linearly related to the PEEPi values (p < 0.001) and did not depend on the route of histamine administration. These results indicate that dynamic hyperinflation is not the only mechanism involved in lung volume response to bronchoconstriction and suggest that gas trapping may have occurred in alveolar spaces.
在麻醉、麻痹并机械通气的豚鼠中，比较了两种给药途径下组胺诱导支气管收缩时呼气末肺容积（EELV）的变化。通过测量胸廓横截面积来估算EELV的变化，胸廓横截面积由环绕胸腔的拾波线圈中外部均匀磁场感应的电压评估得出。第1组（n = 7）以推注方式给予递增剂量的组胺，第2组（n = 7）以雾化方式给予。每次支气管激发后，同时测量EELV的最大变化以及相关的内在呼气末正压（PEEPi）。在两组中，支气管收缩均伴有EELV增加，这与支气管收缩程度相关，达到基础功能残气量的约70%至100%。EELV的增加与PEEPi值呈线性相关（p < 0.001），且不依赖于组胺给药途径。这些结果表明，动态肺过度充气不是肺容积对支气管收缩反应的唯一机制，并提示肺泡空间可能发生了气体潴留。
