Lorino A M, Benichou M, Macquin-Mavier I, Franco-Montoya M L, Lorino H, Harf A
INSERM U296, Département de Physiologie, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Créteil, France.
Eur Respir J. 1991 Nov;4(10):1191-6.
The influence of lung volume on bronchopulmonary reactivity was investigated in 4 groups of 14 anaesthetized paralysed mechanically ventilated guinea-pigs: animals of group 1 served as control; in animals of group 2, the parasympathetic nervous system was blockaded with atropine; animals of group 3 were submitted to a bilateral cervical vagotomy; animals of group 4 were both vagotomized and pretreated with atropine. In each group, the animals were randomly divided into 2 subgroups: one was ventilated at zero end-expiratory pressure (ZEEP), the other with 0.2 kPa positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) resulting in a mean increase in lung volume of about 1 ml. Bronchopulmonary response to infused histamine was assessed by the respiratory conductance and compliance values measured during bronchoconstriction (respectively HGrs and HCrs). In the control group, animals exposed to PEEP were found significantly less reactive than those ventilated at ZEEP. In groups 2, 3 and 4, this difference was significantly reduced for HGrs and even abolished for HCrs. These results demonstrate that the effect of lung volume on moderate histamine-induced bronchoconstriction in guinea-pigs is not purely mechanical, but is partly vagally mediated. They also suggest that this vagally mediated inhibitory influence results from involvement of central reflexes evoked by stretch receptor stimulation.
在4组每组14只麻醉、瘫痪并机械通气的豚鼠中研究了肺容量对支气管肺反应性的影响：第1组动物作为对照；第2组动物用阿托品阻断副交感神经系统；第3组动物进行双侧颈迷走神经切断术；第4组动物既进行迷走神经切断术又用阿托品预处理。在每组中，动物被随机分为2个亚组：一个在呼气末零压力（ZEEP）下通气，另一个在0.2 kPa呼气末正压（PEEP）下通气，导致肺容量平均增加约1 ml。通过在支气管收缩期间测量的呼吸传导率和顺应性值（分别为HGrs和HCrs）评估支气管肺对注入组胺的反应。在对照组中，发现暴露于PEEP的动物的反应性明显低于在ZEEP下通气的动物。在第2、3和4组中，HGrs的这种差异显著减小，而HCrs的差异甚至消除。这些结果表明，肺容量对豚鼠中度组胺诱导的支气管收缩的影响并非纯粹是机械性的，而是部分由迷走神经介导。它们还表明，这种迷走神经介导的抑制作用是由牵张感受器刺激诱发的中枢反射参与所致。
