Koyama T, Aoki N
First Department of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University.
Nihon Rinsho. 1993 Jan;51(1):43-9.
DIC is an acquired disorder in which intravascular coagulation may lead to microvascular fibrin formation and a hemorrhagic diathesis. If DIC is acute and severe, fibrin formation may lead to microvascular thrombosis, and consumption of coagulation factors and platelets may result in a hemorrhagic diathesis. Secondary to or simultaneously with coagulation, the fibrinolytic system may be activated, accentuating the bleeding tendency. All the systems involved in DIC, such as coagulation, fibrinolysis, kallikrein-kinin, complement, and possibly other systems are regulated. Coagulation is the central event of DIC. The different coagulation factor derivatives may be generated that can be determined and used as markers for the degree of DIC and for effective control of therapy. Some of the procoagulant and anticoagulant factors are converted in the course of coagulation to their active forms and activation peptides. The active factor is subsequently neutralized by forming a complex with an inhibitor. Hemostatic molecular markers, D-dimer of cross-linked fibrin degradation products (D-dimer), thrombin-antithrombin III complex (TAT), and plasmin-alpha 2-plasmin inhibitor complex (PIC) have all been used for the diagnosis of DIC.
弥散性血管内凝血（DIC）是一种获得性疾病，其中血管内凝血可能导致微血管纤维蛋白形成和出血素质。如果DIC是急性且严重的，纤维蛋白形成可能导致微血管血栓形成，凝血因子和血小板的消耗可能导致出血素质。继凝血之后或与凝血同时，纤维蛋白溶解系统可能被激活，加剧出血倾向。参与DIC的所有系统，如凝血、纤维蛋白溶解、激肽释放酶-激肽、补体以及可能的其他系统都受到调节。凝血是DIC的核心事件。可能会产生不同的凝血因子衍生物，这些衍生物可被测定并用作DIC程度和有效控制治疗的标志物。一些促凝和抗凝因子在凝血过程中会转化为其活性形式和激活肽。随后，活性因子通过与抑制剂形成复合物而被中和。止血分子标志物，交联纤维蛋白降解产物的D-二聚体（D-dimer）、凝血酶-抗凝血酶III复合物（TAT）和纤溶酶-α2-纤溶酶抑制剂复合物（PIC）都已用于DIC的诊断。
