Waterman J, Lusk R
Department of Psychology, UCLA 90024-1563.
Child Abuse Negl. 1993 Jan-Feb;17(1):145-59. doi: 10.1016/0145-2134(93)90014-v.
In order to assess the utility of psychological testing in evaluating allegations of child sexual abuse, the empirical literature is reviewed in an attempt to answer two questions. First, are there systematic and significant differences on psychological tests between sexually abused and nonabused children? Second, are these differences on psychological testing a direct result of sexual abuse, or are they a result of other coexisting factors that might cause psychological distress? Cognitive measures, personality inventories, symptomatology checklists, and projective tests with sexually abused children are reviewed. While a variety of standardized instruments have been administered to sexually abused children, relatively few have been utilized in empirical studies. Findings have been mixed, with stronger differences between sexually abused and nonabused children generally found on measures completed by parents than on measures administered directly to children. Sexually abused children often fall between nonabused and psychiatric groups. Use of measures specific to sexual abuse is advocated. While psychological tests may currently have limited use in validating suspected sexual abuse, they may be extremely useful in the clinical treatment of the child.
为了评估心理测试在评估儿童性虐待指控中的效用，本文回顾了实证文献，试图回答两个问题。第一，遭受性虐待的儿童与未遭受性虐待的儿童在心理测试上是否存在系统且显著的差异？第二，心理测试中的这些差异是性虐待的直接结果，还是由其他可能导致心理困扰的共存因素造成的？本文回顾了针对遭受性虐待儿童的认知测量、人格量表、症状清单和投射测试。虽然已对遭受性虐待的儿童使用了各种标准化工具，但在实证研究中使用的相对较少。研究结果不一，一般而言，在父母完成的测量中发现遭受性虐待的儿童与未遭受性虐待的儿童之间的差异比直接对儿童进行的测量中更大。遭受性虐待的儿童通常介于未遭受性虐待的儿童和精神病群体之间。提倡使用针对性虐待的测量方法。虽然心理测试目前在验证疑似性虐待方面的用途有限，但它们在儿童的临床治疗中可能非常有用。
