Segal N L, Bouchard T J
Department of Psychology, California State University, Fullerton 92634.
Hum Biol. 1993 Feb;65(1):87-105.
Following Darwin, we summarize evidence that grief may be an evolved adaptive mechanism with complex physiological and psychological correlates. Given this state of affairs, kinship genetic theory suggests that in humans ratings of grief intensity should increase with increasing genetic relatedness to the deceased. A study of the bereavement experiences of 49 surviving monozygotic (MZ) and 19 surviving dizygotic (DZ) co-twins provides informative tests of this hypothesis. Participants completed a comprehensive Twin Loss Survey, which was designed to assess intensity of bereavement in response to the death of the twin and other relatives. The mean grief intensity rating for the deceased twin was significantly higher for surviving MZ twins than for surviving DZ twins (p < 0.01). Mean grief intensity ratings for twins significantly exceeded those for mothers (p < 0.05), fathers, grandfathers, grandmothers, and other relatives (p < 0.01). These findings are consistent with kinship genetic predictions.
继达尔文之后，我们总结了相关证据，即悲伤可能是一种具有复杂生理和心理关联的进化适应性机制。鉴于这种情况，亲属关系遗传理论表明，在人类中，悲伤强度的评级应随着与逝者基因关联性的增加而提高。一项针对49对存活的同卵双胞胎（MZ）和19对存活的异卵双胞胎（DZ）的丧亲经历研究，为这一假设提供了有益的检验。参与者完成了一项全面的双胞胎丧亲调查，该调查旨在评估因双胞胎及其他亲属死亡而产生的丧亲悲痛强度。对于已故双胞胎，存活的同卵双胞胎的平均悲伤强度评级显著高于存活的异卵双胞胎（p < 0.01）。双胞胎的平均悲伤强度评级显著超过母亲（p < 0.05）、父亲、祖父、祖母及其他亲属（p < 0.01）。这些发现与亲属关系遗传预测结果一致。
