Trahair J F
Child Health Research Institute, Adelaide Medical Centre for Women & Children, Australia.
JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 1993 Jan-Feb;17(1):82-5. doi: 10.1177/014860719301700182.
Long-term total parenteral nutrition results in atrophy of small intestinal structure and function. Maintenance or re-establishment of enteral nutrition can prevent or redress this loss. Paradoxically, the fetus develops in a total parenteral nutrition environment, but at the same time must achieve appropriate levels of gastrointestinal maturation in readiness for enteral feeding soon after birth. The fetus swallows large amounts of fluid during life in utero and growth is arrested if fetal ingestion is impaired. It is possible therefore that enteral nutrition provided by fetal swallowing is just as important in ensuring normal gastrointestinal homeostasis and growth in the fetus as it is in the adult.
长期全肠外营养会导致小肠结构和功能萎缩。维持或重新建立肠内营养可预防或纠正这种损失。矛盾的是，胎儿在全肠外营养环境中发育，但同时必须达到适当的胃肠道成熟水平，为出生后不久的肠内喂养做好准备。胎儿在子宫内生活期间会吞咽大量液体，如果胎儿吞咽受损，生长就会停止。因此，胎儿吞咽提供的肠内营养对于确保胎儿正常的胃肠道内环境稳定和生长可能与对成人一样重要。
