Palmer J, Ames C T, Lindsey D T
Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle 98195.
J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 1993 Feb;19(1):108-30. doi: 10.1037//0096-1523.19.1.108.
Set-size in visual search may be due to 1 or more of 3 factors: sensory processes such as lateral masking between stimuli, attentional processes limiting the perception of individual stimuli, or attentional processes affecting the decision rules for combining information from multiple stimuli. These possibilities were evaluated in tasks such as searching for a longer line among shorter lines. To evaluate sensory contributions, display set-size effects were compared with cuing conditions that held sensory phenomena constant. Similar effects for the display and cue manipulations suggested that sensory processes contributed little under the conditions of this experiment. To evaluate the contribution of decision processes, the set-size effects were modeled with signal detection theory. In these models, a decision effect alone was sufficient to predict the set-size effects without any attentional limitation due to perception.
感觉过程，如刺激之间的侧向掩蔽；注意力过程，限制对单个刺激的感知；或注意力过程，影响从多个刺激中组合信息的决策规则。这些可能性在诸如在较短线条中寻找较长线条的任务中进行了评估。为了评估感觉因素的作用，将显示集合大小效应与保持感觉现象不变的提示条件进行了比较。显示和提示操作的类似效应表明，在本实验条件下，感觉过程的作用很小。为了评估决策过程的作用，用信号检测理论对集合大小效应进行了建模。在这些模型中，仅决策效应就足以预测集合大小效应，而无需因感知而产生的任何注意力限制。
