Reister G, Fellhauer R F, Franz M, Wirth T, Schellberg D, Schepank H, Tress W
Psychosomatische Klinik am Zentralinstitut für Seelische Gesundheit, Mannheim.
Psychother Psychosom Med Psychol. 1993 Jan;43(1):15-20.
Within the limits of an epidemiological longitudinal field survey on prevalence and course of psychogenic disorders a high-risk-population suffering from medical psychogenic impairment was investigated. The study was conducted in order to verify an etiological multi-level-model of psychogenic disorders in relation to the socialempiric variables "critical life events" and "social support" as well as the depth psychological oriented construct "personality". Besides other instruments a self rating scale based on Vallant's hierarchical model of defense, i.e. the german adaptation of the DSQ (Defense Style Questionnaire) of Bond and coworkers, was used for the accurate measurement of relevant personality parameters. Although defense processes predominantly work unconscious, manifestations of defense mechanisms could be measured indirectly by means of the rating scale. Its essential dimensions separated clinical patients from a group of healthy controls. Furthermore an immature organisation of defense was found to be related to psychogenic impairment. Concerning self- and expert-rating a significant correlation between "immature defense" and the defense mechanisms "schizoid phantasy", "projection" and "acting out" was proved.
在一项关于心因性障碍患病率和病程的流行病学纵向现场调查范围内，对患有医学心因性损伤的高危人群进行了调查。开展这项研究是为了验证心因性障碍的病因多层次模型，该模型与社会经验变量“关键生活事件”和“社会支持”以及深度心理导向结构“人格”相关。除了其他工具外，还使用了基于瓦伦特防御层次模型的自评量表，即邦德及其同事的DSQ（防御方式问卷）的德语改编版，来准确测量相关人格参数。尽管防御过程主要在无意识层面起作用，但防御机制的表现可以通过该量表间接测量。其基本维度将临床患者与一组健康对照区分开来。此外，发现防御的不成熟组织与心因性损伤有关。关于自评和专家评定，证明了“不成熟防御”与防御机制“类分裂幻想”、“投射”和“付诸行动”之间存在显著相关性。
